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Each colony was now able to elect their own goverment, but still the big decisions were made in Britain. People in colonies were starting to talk about joing together to be one nation instead of 6 little colonies. Joining together like this is called federation {say fed-er-ray-shun].
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A meeting was held to discuss federation. Each colony sent 7 people. They started to write a constitution [say con-stit-you-shun], whitch is a list of rules about how the nations parliament will work.
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meetng discused the draft constitution and made changes and new draft. Qeensland was the only colony that did not send people to the meetings. Because some colonies were much smaller than others, it was decided to have parliamen the way the united states did - the number of people from each state in the House of Representatives deepends on how many people live in the state, but each state has the same number of people in the senate.
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People in all the colonies expect Qeensland and western Australia voted on the Constitution, but in New South Wales they did not agree to what was written and the vote failed.
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The premiers met to discuss the things that worried those three colonies, and changes were made to the Constitution. One change between sydney and Melbourne, because both thought they should be the capital city. people in all colonies except Western Australia voted for the new Constitution, and this time it was succssful.
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A committee took the Constitution to London to persuade the British Parliament to pass law allowing five colonies to join together to become a nation. The law was passed in May and signed by Qeen Victoria in july saying that on the 1st January 1901, New South Wales, Victoria, Qeensland, South Australia and Tasmania would become states in the Commonwealth of Australia.
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Meanwhile, there was a gold rush in Western Australia and people from all over the country went there to look for gold. The Western Australia started to change their minds about fedration, and in Auust they voted to be part of it.
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On 1st January 1901 the first Governor General, lord Hopetoun, officially declared that there were now six states forming the Commonwealth of Australia. The first parliament was opened in Melbourne on 9th May.
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Australia becomes a nation. The Australia Goverment takes contrrol of all Australia colonial army and naval forces.Australias population reaches 3 773 801, but Aboriginal people are not included in the census. The winning design for the Australia flag is announced.
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Women in Tasmania get the vote. The High Court of Australia is formed. Alfred Deakin becomes the second prime minister of Australia.
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