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Washington is elected president
Washington becomes the first president of the United States of America. He ends up serving two ters and then stepping down so that someone else can continue running the country. -
Creation of presidential cabinet
The first ever presidential cabinet was created. It was basically the group of people who worked for the president directly. Those people included Secretary of State Thomas Jefferson, Secretary of Treasury Alexander Hamilton, Secretary of war Henry Knox andf Attorney General Edmund Randolph. -
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Whiskey Rebellion
The Whiskey Rebellion was a time when people couldn't get the corn crop they needed, so many people that sold it turned corn into whiskey and sold it. When they started selling whiskey, there was a tax put on it and people refused to pay the tax. -
Neutrality Proclamation of France
This was when President Washington made an announcement saying that the conflict between France and Great Britain was over. -
Creation of the Cotton Gin
This was when a man named Eli Whitney invented the cotton gin. This was a machine that helped to get the seeds out of the cotton farmers produced much faster and easier. Before this, many farmers spent hours just taking seeds out individually, but this now sped up the process. -
Jay's treaty
Representatives of the United States and Great Britain signed the "Jay Treaty" which resolved any problems caused between the countries that hadn't been solved since United States independence. -
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XYZ Affair
This happened during John Adams presidency. This was a time when the US and the France Republic came together and started the Quasi War which was considered an undeclared war. -
Alien and Sedition Acts
They were rules that allowed people to use federal courts and the President the power to depart any immigrants and imprison anybody who said negative things about the government. -
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Jefferson is President
Thomas Jefferson becomes the third President of the United States of America. He ends up serving two terms. He wrote the Delcaration of Independence. -
Marbury v. Madison
Marbury was denied his job so he tried So he tried to get it back and he was denied again by the Supreme Court. The court denied him because this type of act went beyond the constitution, he isn't eligible for original jurisdiction because he didn't go through any court. Some short term effects were that this was the first time Congress declared an act unconstitutional. A long term effect is that judicial review wasn't used for 54 years. The value is authority. -
Louisiana Purchase
Thomas Jefferson got a great deal from Napoleon to purchase a large amount of land at the Louisiana and a little more than that for fifteen million dollars, which is around two hundred fifty million dollars today. -
The Embargo Act
This was a time when Jefferson stopped trade between countries because he wanted to create a society based on industry. While doing this, the economy did go down and the US couldn't trade. -
Missouri Compromise
The Missouri Compromise was the 36'30' line was created to separate the country therefore making any new state north of the line a free state and any state south of the line a slave state. -
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Andrew Jackson is President
Andrew Jackson becomes the seventh president of the Untied States of America. He ends up serving two terms. -
Cherokee Nation's Appeal
This was an appeal that they brought to Congress because they wanted to stay in their own land rather than move west of the Mississippi like the people of Georgia were saying they had to do. -
Second Annual Message
The second annual message was a speech that Andrew Jackson gave to Congress about the Indian Removal Act and how it affects, the states, government, and the country and he mentions the Native Americans in this. -
Worcester vs. Georgia
Samuel Worcester lived on Cherokee land without a license, didn't follow the laws and didn't take an oath of allegiance for US. In the end, the court ruled that Worcester's actions were illegal because even though Cherokee land is in Georgia, Georgia cannot dictate laws based on what they want. The effects are that Jackson signs the Indian Removal Act and the Trail of Tears takes place and Worcester had to do 4 hours of hard labor. The value is order. -
Worchester vs. Georgia case
A man named Samuel Worchester was living in Cherokee land in Georgia. A person who is living in Georgia has to have a license and take an oath before entering the land and Worchester didn't follow the law. Because of this, he was arrested and had to do four years of hard labor. -
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Nullification Crisis
The nullification Crisis was when the United States put a tariff on South Carolina making them pay a higher tax for the goods from Britain. The state tried to tell the US that they wouldn't pay this tariff. Because the state said this, Jackson threatened to hang one of their state representatives and bring in the army to force them to pay the tariff. -
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People's Republic of Texas
This was when the US state we know today as Texas was part of its own country. -
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Trail of Tears
The Trail of Tears was when the Cherokee were forced to walk a long distance and so many people got so sad that tears were left and that is why it's calleed the trail of tears. Many people died of either disease, dehydration of starvation. -
Annexation of Texas
This was when the United States finally added Texas as a state in the United States. -
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Mexican-American war
This war was when the US thought they were going to gain more land with Texas from Mexico but they weren't so they went to war and the US ended up winning and gaining the land. -
Wilmot Proviso
This was a proposed set of laws that would allow the newly created states to decide themseves whether they wanted slavery or not. Unfortunately, after lots of thinking by Congress, the proposed laws were not passed. -
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California "Gold Rush"
This was a time when people were finding gold in California and thousands of people were coming to gain the gold. -
Compromise of 1850
The Compromise of 1850 was the time when many people were aggravated when California was applying to be a free state instead of a slave state. Because of this, a man named Henry Clay came up with many solutions that would make everyone happy and one of the solutions was to name Caifornia a free state. -
Kansas-Nebraska Act
This was a bill that a man named Steven Douglas wrote that would hopefully allow the people of Nebraska and Kansas to decide whether there would be slavery allowed in their area. -
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Bleeding Kansas
Bleeding Kansas happened just after the Compromise of 1850. Kansas decided they wanted to apply for statehood so they held a territory wide vote to determine whether people wanted to be a free state or a slave state. Folks from surrounding territories swarmed into Kansas because they wanted the state to become a slave state. As a resut of this, there war a war where many people died. Because of the intruders, Kansas was named a slave state. -
Dred Scott v. Sanford
Dred Scott was trying to get into a land after being freed from slavery and he was still considered a slave. In the end, the court decided that Dred Scott was still a slave. Some effects were that the tension between the Northern States and Southern states increased and the 13th and 14th amendments were passed. The value in this case was authority. -
Secession
Secession was a time when seven of the southern states met in South carolina and were planning to secede the United States because the south wanted more farms unlike the north who wanted more factories. -
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Abraham Lincoln is president
Abraham Lincoln became the sixeenth president of the United States. He serves for one term but he wrotes the Emancipation Proclamation and the Gettysburg Adress. -
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American Civil War
This was a time when the northern and southern parts of the United States fought each other to figure out if the Union or Confederacy would survive. -
Suspension of Habeas Corpus
The suspension of Habeas Corpus was when he takes away the right for people to have the ability to free themselves from jail if they don't believe they should be in jail. Basially, this gives him the right to say someone has to go in jail. Even if the person doesn't think they should be there, they have no choice but to just accept that they are in jail. -
Battle of Antietam
This battle lasted one day and there were three phases, the first one was in a cornfield, the second one was in the sunken road and the last phase was at Antietam Creek. The Confederacy was trying to win on Union soil, except moody won. This eventually led to the signing of the Emancipation Proclamation. -
Emancipation Proclamation
The Emancipation Proclamation was a document written by Abraham Lincoln that said any people that were considered slaves would be free. In other words, it said that slavery was slowing down and almost over and all slaves were free. -
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Battle of Gettysburg
This battle lasted three days between the Union and Confederacy. On the first day, the Confederacy marched onto Union territory and the Confederacy was short of supplies. On the second day, the troops made their way to a hill to fight and they wanted to secure the Round Top. On the third day, General Lee went into the states and tried to attack, but he lost and was forced to return to Virginia. -
Gettysburg Address
The Gettysburg Address was the speech that President Lincoln recited on the day the cemetery for the Union was created. It basically said that so many men have risked their lives for this and we cannot give up and let anything bad happen. -
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Sherman's March to the Sea
General Serman marched with his men up to the sea. His objective was to save the Union and win the war. Along his rout, he destroyed many towns, homes, buildings and more along with killing the southern army. -
Surrender at Appomattos Court House
This battle at the Appoattox Court House was one of the last battles of the Civil War between the Union and the Confederacy before the Confederacy Surrendered to the Union. -
Lincoln's Assacination
Abraham Lincoln was the first president of the United States to be assacinated. He was assacinated by John Wilkes Booth when he snuck into the back of the theater where Lincoln and his wife were and he shot Lincoln in the back of the head. He died the next morning on April 15th. -
13th Amendment
On this date, the 13th amendment was passed by Congress. This amendment completely ended slavery and everyone became free and there was to be no more slavery ever again. -
Miranda v. Arizona
Miranda was accused of kidnapping and raping a teenage girl in a desert and after his victim identified him, he confessed and the court wasn't sure if his confession was legal. In the end, the court ruled that his confession was illegal. Some short term effects were that the evidence from the original case was tossed and the case had to be redone and the long term effects were that the Miranda Warnings have to be read to all suspects arrested. The value is equality because of equal rights. -
Tinker v. Des Moines
A group of students in Des Moines decided to wear arm bands to school.The principal found out and said if any student refuses to remove the band after being asked to, they would be suspended. In the end, the court said that the students have freedom under the first amendment to wear the arm bands. The effect was that the students were able to wear the arm bands and their freedom of speech was protected. The value is freedom. -
Bethel High School v Fraiser
A high school student made a speech at an assembly and the student used some bad language . In the end, the court ruled that the student didn't have the right to speak that language. Some effects were that he couldn't be a speaker at graduation and he was suspended because of this and a long term effect is that the student limitations were increased. The value shown in this case is order because it's the rules of the school. -
Hazelwood School District v. Kuhlmeier
Students at Hazelwood high school wrote a newspaper with some inappropriate articles and said they had to be removed and the students brought the case to court. In the end, the court ruled that what the principal did didn't violate the students' first amendment freedoms. Some effects were that the principal's authority increased and the students' freedom of speech decreased. The value shown in this is authority because of school rules. -
September 11th attacks
Osama bin Laden and al-Quaeda, a terrorist group, took over four planes and sent them into the World Trade Center, the Pentagon and there was an attemp at the US Capital. Two ended up going in the World Trade Center, one in each building, one went into the Pentagon, and one attemped to go into the US Capital because they thought President Bush was there. Thousands of people died in this attack and the US had been through terrorist attacks in the past, but something like 9/11 had never been seen. -
Morse v Fredrick
At a school-sponsored event, a student named Joseph Fredrick held up a sign reading "Bong HIts for Jesus" which refers to marijuana and the principal took it down and he sued her because he though his first amendment rights were violated. In the end, the court ended up siding with the school because they have the right to stop students from promoting illegal things. Some effects were that Fredrick was suspended for 10 days and the promoting of drugs was stopped. The value in this is order. -
Riley v. California
The police thought that David Riley was connected to a shooting because of evidence on his phone so they arrested him. Riley thought that these actions violated his 4th amendment rights so he went to the Supreme Court. In the end, the court ended up ruling in favor of Riley saying that because the police searched his phone his 4th amendment rights were violated. Some effects were that police from now on have to get a warrant to search someone's electronics. The value in this case is liberty.
