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Albany Congress
The British government called a meeting of colonial leaders. The people there were the British and the Iroquois. It took place in Albany New York and the British called the meeting because they knew there was an upcoming war and wanted to make an alliance with the Iroquois. -
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French and Indian War
There is a war between the French/ Indians vs British colonists/ Iroquois. Both wanted control of the Ohio river valley. The British won the war and the french lost almost all their land. -
Intolerable Act
The intolerable acts was just a nick name for 4 harsh laws that were passed in Britain by parliament. These laws were made because the Boston tea party outraged the British government and King George III called for tough action to make examples of the people of Boston and Massachusetts. Also, some colonists reacted angrily to the Boston tea party so something needed to be done. -
Treaty of Paris
The Treaty of Paris was meant to end the French and Indian war. France ceded because they could no longer defend the rest of it's North American territory. In 1763, both, the British and the French signed the Treaty of Paris. It happened in Paris. -
Pontiac's War
The leader of the Ottawa nation, formed an alliance with western native Americans to attack the British.In 1763, they attacked British forts and settlements.At least 2000 back country settlers were killed but the British did the same amount of damage and killed native Americans who didn't harm them. But the war ended by 1764. -
Proclamation of 1763
The British wanted to avoid any wars with the Native Americans on the frontier so the British government issued the Proclamation of 1763. This banned colonial settlement west of a line drawn along the Appalachian Mountains. But this made many settlers angry when they told them they had to move east because the settlers believed they had the right to reside wherever they wanted. The Proclamation was impossible for the British to enforce with so many settlers disagreeing and ignoring. -
Sugar Act
The sugar was the British trying to impose new taxes on the colonies. The idea of it was to put a duty on several products, including molasses.This was a harsh punishment for smugglers and merchants who sometimes traded in smuggled goods, started to protest in 1764. -
Stamp Act
The Stamp Act was a law passed by Parliament in 1765. It required that all colonists buy special tax stamps for all kinds of products and activities. They did this because they wanted more money but they couldn't raise prices so they added 2 taxes. The colonists sent a petition to the king and Parliament that demanded the end of the Stamp act and the Sugar Act. Parliament repealed the Stamp act but it passed the Declaratory Act which gave Parliament total authority over the colonies. -
The Quartering Act
The purpose of the Quartering Act was to save money. It was a law passed in 1765 in Britain. The colonists protested angrily and complained that Parliament was violating their rights. -
Boston Massacre
The Boston Massacre was in Boston, when an angry crowd of workers and sailors surrounded a small group of soldiers and they threw snowballs and rocks at them. The soldiers killed 5 people and wounded 6 and the first to fall for the cause of an American independence was Crispus Attucks, an African American sailor. This all happened because the colonists protested. -
The Tea Act
The Tea Act was a parliament passed that intended to help the British East India company. The company used to sell tea to the Britain and the colonies but the boycott of tea seriously hurt the company. The Tea Act lowered the price of tea by allowing the company to ship tea directly to the colonies. But the prime minister of England, Frederick North, felt that the colonists should not object to the Tea Act since the price of tea was lowered. -
Boton Tea Party
The Boston Tea Party was a group of colonists called the Sons of Liberty organized in port cities to stop the East India company tea from being unloaded. When the ships arrived, they threatened the captains who were bringing the tea. In Boston, the governor Thomas Hutchinson made sure the tea would be unloaded.A big crowd gathered in the harbor and a group of men disguised as Native Americans threw 342 cases of tea into the harbor. The raiders destroyed 90,000 pounds of tea worth thousands of $. -
First Continental Congress
The first continental congress took place in Philadelphia on September and October 1774. This took place so that the committee of correspondence could discus what to do next. It was a meeting that involved 12 of the 13 colonies. The continental congress demanded the repeal of the intolerable act and that was the biggest thing the meeting accomplished for the colonies. -
Battles of Lexington and Concord
The battles of Lexington and Concord were started because the governor of Massachusetts, Thomas Gage, sent out 700 troops to Concord to seize the arms and capture some important colonial leaders. This happened on April 18, 1775. Thomas sent out the troops because he learned the minutemen were storing arms in Concord, about 20 miles from Boston. -
Battle for Fort Ticonderoga
The battle for Fort Ticonderoga took place at the Southern end of Lake Champlain. The leader was Ethan Allen and most of his followers came from the nearby Green Mountains and were known has the Green Mountain boys. All 83 men crossed lake Champlain at night and arriving at Britain early in the morning. The British troops surrendered almost immediately and the Green Mountain boys seized dozens of cannons. The cannons were moved to Boston and George Washington used them to drive away the British -
The Second Continental Congress
The Second Continental Congress took place in Philadelphia because the first one wasn't very effective. The colonists wanted the British to repeal the stamp act and sugar act but Britain didn't do as they asked so they held a meeting with the congress, a group of delegates from New England, the delegates included Thomas Jefferson,John Hancock, and Benjamin Franklin. -
Olive Branch Petition
The olive branch petition was sent to king George and stated that the colonists were loyal to the king. It asked to George to stop fighting so all disputes between the colonists and Britain could be solved peacefully. It's called the Olive Branch petition because the olive branch is a symbol of peace. King George declared the colonies were in open rebellion. This petition was sent because they hoped that peace could be restored. -
Invasion of Quebec
In 1775, the Americans attacked Quebec during a severe snow storm. The attacked was turned back. The Americans stayed outside Quebec until May 1776, when the British landed new forces in Canada. Once the Americans were weakened by disease and hunger, the Americans withdrew, leaving Canada to the British. -
The British withdrawel from Boston
In March, George Washington placed the cannons on high ground over looking Boston. Britain could no longer defend the city. They withdrew from Boston by sea and never returned. But Washington knew the war was far from over and Britain had the advantage. Their troop was larger and they have the most powerful navy in the world. -
Battles of Bunker and Breeds Hill
British general William Howe decided to attack Breed's hill because he wanted the land. The Americans didn't have much ammunition so they waited until the British troops were about 150 feet away and then fired. The British came at the Americans 3 times. First 2 times the Americans won but the 3 time the British won because the Americans ran out of ammunition. So the British won but at a horrible cost. More than 1,000 British soldiers were killed or wounded. The Americans lost Breed's hill.