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The first traces of enlightenment are found in the early French philosophers around 1670.
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a treatise on war and international relations titled On the Law of War and Peace eventually became accepted as the basis for the rules of modern warfare.
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The first major Enlightenment figure in England was Thomas Hobbes, who caused great controversy with the release of his provocative treatise Leviathan
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English Protestants helped overthrow the Catholic king James II and installed the Protestant monarchs William and Mary.
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John Locke came into the picture, promoting the opposite type of government—a representative government
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a work championing a form of government based on small, direct democracy that directly reflects the will of the population
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Beccaria’s book On Crimes and Punishments exposed these practices and led to the abolition of many.
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Goethe’s morose The Sorrows of Young Werther (1774) helped fuel the Sturm und Drang movement
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A French feminist and reformer in the waning years of the Enlightenment who articulated the rights of women with her Declaration of the Rights of Woman and the Female Citizen