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1748 Montesquieu publishes book, On the Spirit of Laws
Montesquieu publishes a book, On the Spirit of Laws, in 1748. He believes that we needed a government that could protect us, but one that was broken up into parts. His ideas lead us to separation of powers and checks and balances, -
1776 America declares independence
America declares independence in 1776. Thomas Jefferson organizes the Declaration of Independence, which is greatly inspired by john locke and Rousseau, 2 important Enlightenment thinkers. The Document is written for the people. -
1789 French Revolution
The French Revolution begins in 1789. It starts when the 3rd estate is locked out of Versailles. The 3rd estate creates the Tennis Court oath, and a revolution has began. -
1799 Napoleon overthrows the Directory through a coup d’etat
In 1799, Napoleon proposes that france throws out the Directory and pick three consuls, like in Rome. Napoleon holds a plebiscite, and the people vote him to be one of 3 consuls. Napoleon ends up being the only consul. -
1804 Napoleon crowns himself emperor, begins to create a vast European Empire
In 1804, Napoleon crowns himself emperor and begins to create a vast European Empire. The people support Napoleon. During the ceremony, when the Pope puts the crown on Napoleon, he takes it from him and puts it on his head himself. This is a sign of power. -
1804 Haiti wins freedom from France
In 1804, Haiti wins freedom from France. Toussaint Louverture leads the fight for freedom. He wants liberty and equality in Saint Domingue. The Frrench national assembly endorses the emancipation of San Domingue slaves. 1,000,000 black slaves become french citizens. -
1810 Padre Hidalgo calls for Mexican Independence
riest
Wants to rise up
Lives in Dolores
Padre Hidalgo calls for Mexican Independence in 1810. Churches tell people the time by when the bell rings.
Hidalgo rings the bell at an off time, and people assemble in the church. He speaks about unalienable rights, and if government doesn’t respect you, break apart. -
1815 Napoleon is defeated at the Battle of Waterloo
In 1815, Napoleon is defeated at the Battle of Waterloo. His plan is to beat the British, which would intimidate Prussia, and they would call off the battle. The night before the battle, it rains. Napoleon wants to wait until the ground hardens and dries before the battle, because he has very many heavy weapons and horses. The Duke of Wellington, his opponent, takes this to his advantadge. He calls in Prussia, and together they beat Napoleon.
