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The Battle of Muret was the decisive battle of the so-called Albigensian Crusade. It took place on September 12, 1213, on a plain in the fortified Occitan town of Muret, some twelve kilometers south of Toulouse.4 The contest confronted Pedro II of Aragon, his vassals and allies, among whom were Raymond VI. of Toulouse, Bernardo IV of Cominges and Raimundo Roger de Foix, against the crossed troops and those of Felipe II of France led by Simón IV de Montfort.
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The conquest for the Christian kingdoms of the island of Mallorca was finally achieved by King James I of Aragon between 1229 and 1231. The city of Madîna Mayûrqa (present-day Palma de Mallorca) fell in December of the first year, but the Muslim resistance in the Mountains lasted three more.
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The Conquest of Valencia by King James I was achieved with the help of an important contingent from Aragon. In fact, in 1231 James I met with the nobleman Blasco de Alagón and the leader of the Military Order of the Hospital in Alcañiz to forge a battle plan for the conquest of Valencian territory.
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Finally, the submission of Ibiza and Formentera to Guillermo de Montgrí, archbishop of Tarragona, and his brother Bernardo de Santa Eugenia, who made it effective in 1235, repopulated with peasants from Ampurias (1236).
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The Treaty of Almizra is a pact of peace signed on March 26, 1244 between the Crown of Aragon and the Crown of Castile that set the limits of the Kingdom of Valencia. Jaime I of Aragon agreed and who later would be his son-in-law, the infant Alfonso de Castilla and future king Alfonso X the Wise. The treaty stipulated that lands south of the Biar-Busot-Villajoyosa line be reserved for Castile.
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Pedro III (of Aragón) (1239-1285), king of Aragón (1276-1285), called the Great. ... He conquered Sicily from Charles of Anjou in 1282 and repelled a French invasion of Catalonia in 1285. Pedro's reign marked the beginning of the long struggle between the Aragonese and Angevin dynasties.
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Although the "Kingdom of Sardinia and Corsica" could be said to have started as a questionable and extraordinary from jure state in 1297, its de facto existence began in 1324 when, called by their allies of the Judicate di Arborea in the course of war with the Republic of Pisa, James II seized the Pisan territories in the former states of Cagliari and Gallura and asserted his papally approved title.
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In 1347 Aragon made war on the Genoese Doria and Malaspina houses, which controlled most of the lands of the former Logudoro state in north-western Sardinia, and added them to its direct domains. The Giudicato of Arborea, the only remaining independent Sardinian state, proved far more difficult to subdue. The rulers of Arborea developed the ambition to unite all of Sardinia under their rule and create a single Sardinian state, and at a certain point (1368–1388, 1392–1409)
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Anti-Jewish pogroms in the Russian Empire (Russian: Еврейские погромы в России; Hebrew: הסופות בנגב ha-sufot ba-negev; lit. "the storms in the South") were large-scale, targeted, and repeated anti-Jewish rioting that first began in the 19th century. Pogroms began occurring after the Russian Empire, which previously had very few Jews, acquired territories with large Jewish populations from the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth during 1791–1835.
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The Compromise of Caspe made in 1412 was an act and resolution of parliamentary representatives of the constituent realms of the Crown of Aragon (the Kingdom of Aragon, Kingdom of Valencia, and Principality of Catalonia), meeting in Caspe, to resolve the interregnum following the death of King Martin of Aragon in 1410
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This usage did not become established.In the late Middle Ages,it was common to distinguish the two kingdoms named Sicily as being on this or that side of the Punta del Faro. Naples was citra Farum or al di qua del Faro (on this side of Faro) and Sicily was ultra Farum or di la del Faro (on the other side).When both kingdoms came under the rule of Alfonso the Magnanimous in 1442,this usage became official,although Ferdinand I preferred the simple title King of Sicily (rex Sicilie)
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The Catalan Civil War, also called the Catalonian Civil War or the War against John II, was a civil war in the Principality of Catalonia, then belonging to the Crown of Aragon, between 1462 and 1472. The two factions, the royalists who supported John II of Aragon and the Catalan constitutionalists (Catalanists, pactists, and foralists), disputed the extent of royal rights in Catalonia. The French entered the war at times on the side on John II and at times with the Catalans.
