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The first Europeans to sail to Australia were the Dutch, but they didn't settle there. They made one landing, were attacked by the Aborigines, and then abandoned further exploration.
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Cook named the area New South Wales, Ignored the Aborigines living there and claimed the land for England, and Sailors also mapped the eastern Australia.
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British ships called the "First fleet" left England with convicts to establish a prison colony.
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Melbourne served as the national capital until Canberra was completed in 1927