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Roanoke
A group of about 115 English settlers arrived on Roanoke Island, now North Carolina. Less than a year later, the governor, John White sailed back to England to get supplies and was delayed with the war between England and Spain. When he returned three years later, he found no trace of the colony, its settlers, or his granddaughter. The only clue nearby was the word "Croatoan" carved into a wooden post nearby.
https://www.history.com/news/what-happened-to-the-lost-colony-of-roanoke -
Jamestown
A group of about 100 people founded Jamestown which was the first permanent settlement in North America on the banks of the James River. Famine, disease, and conflict with Native tribes in the first two years almost brought Jamestown to an end. Yet, they received more settlers and supplies, and tobacco became a very profitable export. Peace came when John Rolfe married Pocahontas. It was the capital of the Virginia Colony until 1699.
https://www.history.com/topics/colonial-america/jamestown -
Salutary Neglect
The Salutary Neglect was a policy in the 13 colonies which allowed the colonists to violate the laws associated with trade. There were no effective enforcement agencies and it was very expensive to send troops from Britain. This benefited the colonists and boosted their profits from trade. It was allowed as long as the colonies remained loyal to the British Government and contributed to the economic profitability of Britain.
https://www.britannica.com/topic/salutary-neglect -
House of Burgesses
The Virginia Company wanted to form a local government in Virginia more responsive to the colonists. The House of Burgesses was formed and it was made up of 22 members which contained a governor, representatives from various locations, and a governor's council. It was empowered to enact legislation for the colony, and decisions had a way of being overruled which took away the power from one person.
https://www.u-s-history.com/pages/h1151.html -
Great Migration
The Great Migration was the period in American history when 20,000 English men, women, and children crossed the Atlantic Ocean to settle New England. Began when religious sects of mostly Puritans voyaged and migrated 3000 miles over the see to the Americas looking for religious freedom. They thought they would be able to establish a pure church in the colonies. John Winthrop and other Puritans founded the Massachusetts Colony.
https://www.landofthebrave.info/great%20migration.htm -
Mayflower/ Plymouth/ Mayflower Compact
The Mayflower Compact was a set of rules for self-governance established by the English settlers who traveled to the New World on the Mayflower to ensure a functioning social structure would prevail.It was the first document to establish self-government in the New World. It was good for the new colony of Plymouth. The elected governor was John Carver had helped to support the expedition financially and write the Mayflower Compact.
https://www.history.com/topics/colonial-america/mayflower-compact -
New York
One of the original 13 colonies located on the Atlantic Coast of North America. It was one of the Middle Colonies, and an English Colony. It was founded by the Duke of York and other colonists on Manhattan Island. It had a mild climate with warm summers and mild winters that were suited to farming and agriculture.
https://www.landofthebrave.info/new-york-colony.htm -
Massachusetts Bay Colony
This was one of the original English settlements, settled by a group of 1000 Puritan refugees from England under Governor John Winthrop and Thomas Dudley. They established a theocratic government with the franchise limited to church members. Anyone with different views were banished.
https://www.britannica.com/place/Massachusetts-Bay-Colony -
Maryland
Maryland was one of the 13 colonies located on the Atlantic coast of North America. It was a southern colony and was founded by George Calvert, Lord Baltimore, and other colonists at Baltimore. It was founded for religious freedom especially for Catholics. It had a large slave population who worked on plantations making agriculture a main part of their economy.
https://www.landofthebrave.info/maryland-colony.htm -
Connecticut
The Connecticut colony was one of the original 13 colonies located on the Atlantic coast of North America. It is classified as one of the first English colonies and was founded by Thomas Hooker and the other colonists in present day Hartford. The colonists here made their living fishing, whaling, and shipbuilding with a climate of mild and short summers leading to long, cold winters.
https://www.landofthebrave.info/connecticut-colony.htm -
Rhode Island
Rhode Island Colony was one of the original 13 colonies located on the Atlantic coast of North America. It was a New England Colony founded by Roger Williams and other colonists. Its major city is Providence and its industries included agriculture and lumbering. It was cold and had short mild summers resulting in less disease.
https://www.landofthebrave.info/rhode-island-colony.htm -
Maryland Toleration Act
Also known as the Act Concerning Religion, the Maryland Toleration Act was a law mandating religious tolerance for Trinitarian Christians. It was passed by the assembly of the Maryland colony in St. Mary's City. It made sure that no person could be troubled, harrassed, or embarrassed for their faith. It offered more religious freedom for the citizens of Maryland.
https://www.christianity.com/church/church-history/timeline/1601-1700/maryland-toleration-act-11630122.html -
Carolina
Charles II, the king of England gave this land to eight proprietors who founded the Carolina colony. It included what is now both North and South Carolina. The proprietors collected taxes from the colonists and used the money to start a government. A governor was appointed to lead the colony. Settlers moved to Carolina from other colonies. Carolina landowners also brought enslaved Africans to work their farms.
https://www.eduplace.com/ss/socsci/books/content/ilessons/4/ils_nc_gr4_u3_c05_l2.pdf -
Bacon's Rebellion
Bacon's Rebellion was an uprising against American Indians and the colonial government in the Virginia Colony over taking reprisal action fro alleged thefts by the Native Americans. It was led by Nathaniel Bacon in opposition of the Governor of Virginia, Sir William Berkeley. It was the first rebellion in the American colonies. It lasted one year
https://www.landofthebrave.info/bacons-rebellion.htm -
Pennsylvania
Pennsylvania was one the original 13 colonies located on the Atlantic coast of North America. It was one of the Middle colonies and was founded by William Penn and other colonists as a place for Quakers to settle. The people here ended up founding the city of Philadelphia. They made favorable relations with the natives and purchased their land from them. They were willing to work hard.
https://www.historycentral.com/TheColonies/PA.html -
Salem Witch Trials
The Salem Witch Trials began after a young group of girls in Salem Village, Massachusetts claimed to be possessed by the devil and several local women of witchcraft. A special court wanted to hear the cases and killed the first convicted, Bridget Bishop. 150 more people were accused. Later the general court annulled guilty verdicts against accused witches and granted protection against them but bitterness remained.
https://www.history.com/topics/colonial-america/salem-witch-trials -
Great Awakening/ Enlightenment
These are two major cultural movements that strengthened the Anglo-American colonists' connection to Great Britain. Both began in Europe. The Great Awakening promoted fervent and emotional religiosity. The Enlightenment encouraged the pursuit of reason in all things. They influenced the American colonies and led to the American Revolution.
https://courses.lumenlearning.com/suny-ushistory1os2xmaster/chapter/great-awakening-and-enlightenment/ -
Albany Plan
The Albany Plan was a proposal introduced by Benjamin Franklin during the Albany Congress. The plan called for the formation of a permanent federation of colonies and to effectively adress shared colonial interests. It was rejected by King George II and by the individual colonial governments.It was the first attempt to develop inter-colonial cooperation among the colonies.
http://www.americanhistorycentral.com/entries/albany-plan-of-union/ -
French-Indian War
Also known as the Seven Years' War, the French and Indian War began over an issue of whether the upper Ohio River valley was a part of the British Empire and open for trade and settlement by Virginians and Pennsylvanians, or part of the French Empire. It ended with the Treaty of Paris in 1763. It provided Great Britain a lot of territory in North America, but as a result led to the American Revolution.
https://www.britannica.com/event/French-and-Indian-War -
Proclamation of 1763
At the end of the French and Indian War, the British issued a proclamation that was intended to reconcile the Indians by checking the encroachment of settlers on their lands. It closed down colonial expansion westward after a revolt of Native Americans. Citizens and colonial governments were not allowed to buy land or make agreements with Natives, but the empire would. It became a part of Native American law in the US.
https://www.history.com/topics/native-american-history/1763-proclamation-of
