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38,000 BCE
Bering Land Bridge - North America
The Bering Land Bridge was the first link where the first people moved into North America. They were called Paleo-Indians. The Bering Land Bridge itself was between Asia and Alaska because the water level had fallen enough to expose a strip of land. -
1347 BCE
Black Death - Europe
The Black Death was a series of plagues that was brought in by Asia. Ships arrived in Europe with rats with fleas which spread man to man and eventually killed millions. It lead to better working fares for the lower class people and bigger cities. -
Period: 1200 BCE to
The World Before the Opening of the Atlantic
Mesomerica - 1200BC to 1532AD
Africa - 300AD to 1375AD
Europe - 500BC to 1500AD
Natives - 1500BC to 1700AD -
600
Founding of Islam - West Africa
Islam was founded by an Arab named Muhammad. Islam was brought to Ghana by Arab traders. Muslims (Islam believers) believed that God had spoken to God to Muhammad through angelic processes and gave him the ability to teach God's word. Muhammad's followers wrote his teachings down into a book, the Qu'ran. It spread quickly through the Arabian Peninsula. -
600
Slave Trade - West African
The practice had already existed for centuries, but this changed when Arabians and Europeans became slave traders. War prisoners could be sold off as slaves, slaves became a way to pay off debt and would eventually become trade items. They were a key part in the West African economy. This trade contributed to the power of Ghana, Mali and Songhai. -
Period: 874 to
New Empires in the Americas
Vikings: 874-??
Europe: 1400s-1860s -
1350
Renaissance - Europe
The renaissance was a time period of discovery and arts. It means "rebirth" and followed the Middle Ages in Europe. It brought a period of stability and order due to the lack of invasions and increase in power. The renaissance inspired a search of knowledge, commerce and trade. During this time, many new inventions were created. -
1400
Henry the Navigator - Portugal
This man was responsible for the advances in sea exploration and made Portugal a leader in exploration. In the 1400s, He opened an observatory and school to teach sailing. -
1492
Columbus - Americas
Columbus was sponsored an expedition across the Atlantic by Spain. He was the first to find the Americas thinking it was Asia.This voyage began conflict between Spain and Portugal, causing the Line of Demarcation, and later the Treaty of Tordesillas, to be established. -
1498
Vasco da Gama - Portugal to India
Vasco left portugal in 1497 in a race to find a sea route from Europe to Asia. He arrived in Southwestern India the next year and won it. He also found out that people there spoke Portugese from trading with people who spoke the language. -
1510
Legalization of Slave Trade - Americas
The Spanish government legalized the sales of slaves in its colonies. Over the next century, more than a million of Africans who were enslaved wwee brought to the Spanish/Portugese colonies in the New World itself. Soon, Dutch and Englishmen were also active in this slave trade. -
1517
Protestant Reformation - Germany
The reformation was started by Marthin Luther when he publicly criticized the Roman Catholic church with his 95 theses. The protestants were reformers who protested the practices of the Catholic Church. -
1519
Hernan Cortez - Mexico
Hernan Cortez was a spanish conquistador who conquered the Aztec Empire purely by the strategy of surprise and seizing their leader Moctezuma. However, diseases brought by thr Spanish quickly brought Aztec to fall. -
1525
Jacques Cartier - (French) Canada
He led France's major exploration of North America. He made it to Canada twice, and claimed the areas he reached for France. -
Period: to
The English Colonies
The Southern Colonies: 1606-1750s
The New England Colonies: 1608-1700s
The Middle Colonies: 1613-1760 -
Jamestown - New England
Jamestown was the first permanent English settlement in North America, about 40 miles up James River, Virginia, started by English merchants. -
Expansion of Slavery - New England
A Dutch ship first brought Africans by boat to Virginia. Some remained servants, some became slaves. However, the number of workers needed was greater than those who were willing to work so by the mid-1600s, most Africans were being kept in lifelong slavery for labor. -
Mayflower Compact - New England
The Mayflower Compact was a legal contract in which they agreed to have fair laws to protect the general good. It was signed on the 21st November of 1620 by 41 of the 100 people aboard the Mayflower ship. It is the first attempt at self-government for the English colonians. -
Great Migration - New England
Due to political, economic and religious issues in England, tens of thousands of people moved to English colonies in New England and the Carribean. This was called the Great Migration. -
Modern Day Connection - Public Education
To ensure that future generations would have educated leaders, towns started town schools. It was ordered by the General Court of Massachusetts that every township of 50 families had a school. This has influenced us today, and definitely made sure that future ministers were educated. Now, we see schools being established where they should be and we have easy access to education. Also, higher education such as university standards were also beginning to matter (see Harvard University). -
Bartoleme de Las Casas - New England
Bartoleme was a priest that stood up against the currect norms of society on how they treated Native Americans--forced labor--and said that converting them to Christianity should be done by showing love and gentlemess, not what seemed like slavery. -
New York and New Jersey - New England
An English fleet captured the undefended colony of New Amsterdam without any resistance. New Netherlands was renamed New York, and Amsterdam New York City. Now, New York is a booming economical center.New Jersey was made soon after, between the Hudson and Delaware rivers. Fur trade was the key to their rise in economical power. -
English Bill of Rights - New England
After Parliament replaced King James, they established the English Bill of Rights. This reduced the power of the monarchy, and at that time the Parliament was gaining power. This inspired colonists to value their right to elect representatives to decide local issues. -
Iroquois League - Native North America
This alliance was established by the Cayuga, Mohawk, Oneida, Onandaga and Senaca. Their goal was the make war and peace, to do whatever it takes to strengthen the alliance from invasion. This league helped the Iroquois people become the strongest in North America. -
Colonial Courts - New England
The beginning of usage of the colonial courts was a leap in governing. Whenever possible, they used the courts to control local affairs, much like the courts we have now. They used the Bible as a standard for the colony. The courts were also used to protect, justify or arrest individuals. -
Startup of Female Businesses - Mew England
During this time period, women made many important contributions in the colonies despite limiting laws and customs against them. They ran farms and other business such as clothing, grocery stores, bakeries, and drugstore. Women even began learning medicinal practices and then worked as nurses. -
Taxation without Representation - New England
The colonists believed that Parliament was abusing their power; they had no right to tax without popular consent. Ideas against taking man's property without his consent were voiced out by James Otis and Samuel Adams. Adams even helped found the Committees of Correspondence, they worked to share ideas and information about the new British laws and ways to challenge them across colonies. -
Modern Day Connection - Printing Press
Johannes Gutenberg's printing press is the first "machine" that resembles our printers and computers today. It was how they copied documents and made books. -
Mordern Day Connection - the Columbian Exchange
The columbian exchange was the transfer of products and animals between Europe, Asia and Africa. This can be seen even today where the "columbian exchange" is worldwide. For example, Samsung which is korean, exports their phones all over the world. -
Modern Day Connection - Democracy and Republic
Athens established a democracy which is a form of government where the people rule themselves. Soon, Rome followed Greece and established the Roman Republic where the Romans elected officials annually to run the cities. These forms of government can be seen in most countries nowadays. The United States is a Democratic Republic.