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Period: to
Civil Rights Movement
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First Atomic Bomb Dropped (CW)
The U.S. drops atomic bomb on Hiroshima, Japan. -
Second Atomic Bomb Dropped (CW)
U.S. drops second atomic bomb on Nagasaki, Japan. -
World War II ends (CW)
World War II ends and the Cold War begins. -
Vietnam declared independent (CW)
Ho Chi Minh declares independence after Japan surrenders to Allies. -
5th Pan African Congress (PAM)
Set mood for independence movement. -
Jackie Robinson joins Brooklyn Dodgers (CRM)
Robinson becomes the first African American to join to play baseball in the major league. -
Women's Voting Rights in Belgium (SR)
Women gain the right to vote and stand in election in Belgium. -
Arab-Israeli conflict begins (LT)
The British evacuate Palestine and then Zionists declare the land Israel; many Arabs begin to resent Western powers. -
National Party takes power. (AAM)
Policy of apartheid is adopted. -
Berlin Airlift Begins (CW)
Brought goods to West Berlin when supply routes to Eastern Germany were cut off. -
NATO established (CW)
North Atlantic Treaty Organization, a political alliance between North American and European countries. -
Group Areas Act passed (AAM)
Segregated races to different residential and business sections in urban areas, sets up communities for different races. -
Population Registration Act passed.(AAM)
Classifies South Africans into three different racial groups. -
Qutb returns to Egypt (LT)
Sayyid Qutb returns Cario, Egypt with more radical views after living in the US for two years. -
Ayman al-Zawahiri born (LT)
Zawahiri, leader of the al-Jihad and current leader of al-Qaeda was born. -
Bantu Authorities Act (AAM)
Took away citizenship of black South Africans and required them to carry passports when entering white communities. -
Reservation of Separate Amenities Act (AAM)
legalized "separate but not necessarily equal" places for blacks -
Brown v. Board decision made (CRM)
This removed segregation from schools; really controversial at the time. -
Nasser Assassination Attempt (LT)
Muslim Brotherhood member attempts to kill Gamal Abdul Nasser, the president of Egypt and fails; results in 6 people being but in concentration camps. -
Daughters of Bilitus formed (SR)
The first lesbian organization formed in the United States. -
Rosa Parks refuses to give up her seat (CRM)
This started the Montgomery bus boycott and led to other civil rights protests. -
"America" (Countercult.)
Allen Ginsberg publishes his poem, "America" in which he discusses his view on America. -
Osama bin Laden Born (LT)
Osama bin Laden, leader of al-Qaeda is born. -
Prayer Pilgrimage (CRM)
SCLC held a nonviolent protest in Washington D.C. which helped convince Congress to pass a civil rights legislation. -
Civil RIghts Act of 1957 passed (CRM)
Established US Civil Rights Comission which were given the power to investigate any violations of civil rights. -
First Pan-African Congress Meeting (PAM)
Group that broke away from ANC hold their first meeting and Pan-African slogans are created. -
Pan-African Congress established (PAM)
The group elects officials. -
Sharpville Massacre (PAM)
Protesters refused to carry their reference books -- bans ANC and Pan African Movement. -
"The Pill" is approved (Countercult.)
The birth control contraceptive pill is approved by the FDA and plays a major part in the sexual revolution. -
Freedom Rides (CRM)
Protest against Boynton v. Virginia which was the bus segregation law. -
Operation Chopper (CW)
America's first battle against the Vietcong. -
Slient Spring published (Countercult.)
Rachel Carson publishes Silent Spring which raises awareness about how the environment is being harmed. -
"Ole Miss" desegregates (CRM)
James Meredith with the help of the NAACP wins a court case that made the University of Mississippi desegregate. -
Cuban Missile Crisis (CW)
It was discovered that nuclear missiles were being made in Cuba; lasted 13 days and it was the closest America came to fighting a nuclear war. -
Special Committee Against Apartheid (AAM)
Pressured political changes. -
Equal Pay Act (SR)
Act makes it illegal to pay women less than what a man would be paid for the same work. -
W.E.B. DuBois dies (PAM)
Father of Pan-Africanism dies. -
March on Washington (CRM)
Major civil rights groups, labor unions, and religious groups, and more than 200,000 people participated in this peaceful demonstration and increased awareness for civil rights as well as give encouragement towards passing civil rights laws. -
Sixteenth Street Baptist Church bombing (CRM)
The church was the SCLC headquarters, 4 girls were killed. -
First Female Minister of the State (SR)
In the UK, Barbara Castle is appointed Minister of State, first female minister of state. -
Beatles on Ed Sullivan (Countercult.)
The Beatles make their American television debut on the Ed Sullivan show; more than 70 million viewers and the beginning of the "British Invasion". -
Nelson Mandela is put in jail (AAM)
Given a life sentence for sabotage against the Apartheid government. -
Operation Rolling Thunder (CW)
a brief bombing offensive that wanted North Vietnam to stop supporting Vietcong guerillas in South Vietnam -
Provo founded (Countercult.)
Dutch counterculture movement which instigated the authority to use violence and brutality by using non-violent methods. -
Muslim Brotherhood trial (LT)
Sayyid Qtub and his followers were put on trial and lasted 3 months. -
National Organization for Women (SR)
Femenist organization, established by Betty Friedan, that moved the women's rights movement. -
Qtub's Execution (LT)
Sayyid Qtub is hanged after dawn prayers. -
LSD in CA (Countercult.)
LSD banned in California. -
Human Be-In (Countercult.)
Event in San Francisco that was held in Golden Gate Park and many speakers such as Timothy Leary, music, a protest against LSD ban. -
Feminine Mystique (SR)
Betty Friedan's book, The Feminine Mystique, is published. The book spread the message that women wanted to be more than housewives. -
Kerner Comission is established. (CRM)
They researched and then declared that racism was the major cause of all the violence in the United States. -
My Lai Massacre (CW)
American soldiers kill unarmed civilians in a village in Vietnam, My Lai. -
Cordobazo (Countercult.)
A general strike in Cordoba, Argentina which turned into a civil uprising. -
Stonewall Riots (Countercult.)
Violent outbreak that occurred when members of the gay community resisted arrest, Gay Liberation Movement began. -
Woodstock Festival (Countercult.)
A four-day music festival held in Bethel, New York in which oveer 400,000 people attended; it was originally supposed to fundraise for a recording studio. -
Schultz v. Wheaton Glass Co. (SR)
Rules that jobs held by men and women need to be "substantially equal" but not "identical".