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15th Amendment (Constitutional Issues and Laws)
Voting rights for African-American men -
Plessy v. Ferguson (Constitutional Issues and Laws)
Established “Separate but equal” due to the occasion that happened in 1896, when Homer Plessy, African American train passenger, repudiated to be placed in a car for African American people. -
NAACP created (People/Groups)
The National Association for the Advancement of Colored People was found by W.E.B. Du Bois. This organization was fighting against segregation, discrimination in housing, voting right for AA, education, racism, transportation and voting. Helped in Brown v. Board of Education case where segregation in public schools found illegal. -
19th Amendment (Constitutional Issues and Laws)
Women now have the right to vote -
Executive Order 9981(Constitutional Issues and Laws)
President Truman stated that there should be equal treatment and opportunities regardless of race, religion, color, or national origin, which led to an end of segregation in the US services. -
Brown v. Board of Education (Constitutional Issues and Laws)
The Supreme Court stated that racial segregation in public schools infracted the 14th Amendment and separate public schools for white and African American students are uneven. -
Montgomery Bus Boycott (Events)
African American Rosa Parks disobeyed the Montgomery local law, where it says, that African Americans should sit in the back of the bus, and sat in the front where all white people were sitting. This incident sparked the mass protest in Montgomery, Alabama in defense of people's rights regardless of race. -
Little Rock 9 (People/Groups)
A group of 9 African American students tried to enroll in Little Rock’s Central HS, but the governor Orval Faubus prevented them from entering. When President Eisenhower found out about it, he sent the Arkansas National Guard to the school to maintain order there. -
Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee (SNCC) formed (People/Groups)
Formed after students sit-ins at segregated lunch counters. The students political organization, in which they used nonviolent strategies in civil right movements. -
Greensboro, NC Sit-ins (Events)
Nonviolent civil rights protest against segregation that was led after four African American students refused to leave the lunch counter after being denied service in Greensboro, North Carolina. -
Freedom Riders (People/Groups)
A group of white and African American civil rights protestors who fought against segregated bus terminals by riding on buses together through segregated South U.S. -
Dr. King’s: “Letter from a Birmingham Jail” (People/Groups)
In this letter MLK pushed forward his idea about nonviolent civil disobedience to racism. -
24th Amendment (Constitutional Issues and Laws)
Outlawed the use of poll tax in elections -
Civil Rights Act of 1964 (Constitutional Issues and Laws)
President Johnson outlawed the descrimination regarding of race, sex, color, religion or national origin. -
Voting Rights Act of 1965 (Constitutional Issues and Laws)
President Johnson prohibits the discriminatory voting practices that was adopted in many southern states after Civil Rights. -
Black Panthers (People/Groups)
Founded by Huey Newton and Bobby Seale. Political organization that confronted police and politicians’ cruelty toward African American communities. Believed that only cruelty will help to obtain equality. -
Thurgood Marshall appointed to the Supreme Court (People/Groups)
Nominated by LBJ. He became the first African American to serve on the court. Before the Supreme Court he was a lawyer for the NAACP at Brown v. Board of Ed. case. -
MLK assassinated (People/Groups)
Martin Luther King, an AA clergyman and civil rights leader, was shot by James Earl Ray while standing on the balcony of his hotel room in Memphis, Tennessee, on April 4, 1968. -
Sandra Day O’Connor appointed to the Supreme Court (People/Groups)
Nominated by President Reagan. She became the first woman to serve on the court. -
Sonia Sotomayor appointed to the Supreme Court (People/Groups)
Nominated by President Obama. She became the first Hispanic and Latina to serve on the court.