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White Primary is abolished in GA
The white primary was when non-White voters were not allowed to participate, In the beginning the US Supreme Court believed that white primary was constitutional. Primus King and a few other tried to cast a vote, but they were turned away. In April of 1946 US Federal Court ruled that in the King v. Chapman case White primary in GA is unconstitutional. ACLU unconstitutional
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Intergration of the Armed Forces
President Truman signs the Executive Order 9981 that the Armed Forces are not allowed to treat people differently based on their race, color, national origin or religion. He signs the order to create equall opportunity in the Armed Forces. This order did not go through smoothly in had much opposition. In October of 1953 95% of African-American soldiers serving in intergrated units.
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Brown vs. Board of education
The people involved were Oliver L. Brown and the Board of Education of the city of Topeka, Kansas. In the case Brown wanted the school district to stop its policy of racial segregation. The district court ruled in favor with the Board of Education. In May of 1954 the Warren Court voted unanimous in favor of Bown's side of the case. This overturned the policy of racial segregation.
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Rosa Parks and the Montgomery Bus Boycott
On December 1, 1955, a man boarded the bus the Rosa Parks was on and the driver told every body in her row of the bus to move to the back of the bus. Everyone, but Rosa moved she was found guilty on Dec. 5, 1955. People began to stop riding the buses and they began to find other ways to get around. By June 4, 1956 the federal district court ruled that Alabama's racial segregation of buses. WIKI -
Change of Georgia's state flag
In 1956 Georgia changed its state flag from two red bars and a white to a flag containing the Confederate flag. The Georgia state flag featured a Confederate Battle Flag some found this offensive because of its history in the US Civil War. Also its use in some White supremacy groups. This change was made at the height of the fight for desegregation. Some said that the flag was to commemorate the Civil War Centennial five years away.
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Crisis at central High school and the "Little Rock Nine"
The Crisis at Central High School happend when the Little rock nine were prevented from entering the school. The crisis was caused because of racial segregationat schools.The Little Rock Nine included Ernest Green, Elizabeth Eckford, Jefferson Thomas, Terrence Roberts, Carlotta Walls LaNier, Minnijean Brown, Gloria Ray Karlmark, Thelma Mothershed and Melba Pattillo Beals. Ernest Green was the first African American to Graduate from Central High school.
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Hebrew Benevolent Congregation in ATL bombed
Early in the morning a bomb went off at the Temple. A UPI staff member got a call earlly in the moring saying it would be bombed he didn't take it seriously. After the bombing the UPI staff member got another call saying that would be the last empty building bombed. The Temple was targeted because of the work of Rabbi Jacob Rothschild in Civil Rights and intergration.
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Sibley Commission
The Sibley Commision was created to deal with the task to either close public schools or comply with the Federal Order to desegregate schools. The Commission started taking residents' statments regarding desegregation then reporting back to the Governor. They found that 60% still supported total segregation.
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Intergration of UGA
The two people involved were Charlayne Hunter and Hamilton Holmes. They were escorted by state potrol officers. The Governor at the the time refused to stop desegregation. Later inlife Charlayne became a reporter. Holmes later became a orthopedic surgeon.
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Albany Movement
Dr. William anderson led the Albany movement. In Albany, Georgia Freedom riders rode in white only seccions in the bus they were jailed for their actions. They were protesting segregation in busses in Albany, Georgia. Segregation didn't stop overnight it took time for it to take place.
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Freedom Rides
WikiThe first Fredom ride include these people. It was led by James Farmer. There was 13 riders seven black and six white some of them included are Genevieve Hughes, William E. Harbour, and Ed Blankenheim. They were going to go through Virginia, the Carolinas, Georgia, Alabama, and Mississippi, ending in New Orleans. There they would have a Civil Rights rally was planned. They were protesting segregation of different forms of public transportation. Public transportation began to be desegregated. -
Birmingham, AL protest
The Birmingham, AL protest was a movement led by the SCLC. They were protesting the unequal treatment of African Americans in Birmingham, AL. The people who were protesting were beaten, sprayed with high presure hoses. Some people were attacked by police dogs. They hoped to end segregation in Birmingham.
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March on Washington DC
The March on Washington, DC was created to protest unequal treatment of African Americans in the United States. Many people attended the rally some of thoses were Martain Luther King Jr. who was one of the most famous of them. About 75-80% of the attendents were black threst were either white or other minority. The result was that people began to really think about what was really going on when they were segregating.
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16th Street Baptist Church in Birmingham bombed
WikiIn the bombing there were four girls killed their names were Addie Mae Collins, Cynthia Wesley, Carole Robertson and Denise McNair. The church was targeted because of it role a a civil rights meeting place through the spring of 1963. Bobby Frank Cherry, Thomas Blanton, Herman Frank Cash, and Robert Chambliss, members of United Klans of America, a Ku Klux Klan group placed a box of dynamite under the steps of the church. There were 22 other people injured in the explosion. -
John F. Kennedy Assassinated
The main person involved in JFK's assassination was Lee Harvey Oswald. Oswald shot and killed the president at 12:30pm while he was in route He was shot and killed in Dealey Plaza. The Texas Governor was also shot, but he lived. A 6.5 x 52 mm Italian Carcano M91/38 bolt-action rifle was found on the 6th floor of the Texas Book Depository this was later to be found as the rifle that killed the president. JFK was pronounced dead at 1:00pm.
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Civil Rights Act 1964 passed
This act outlawed many major forms of discrimination agains African Americans. It banned unequal voter registration requirements. Outlawed discrimination in public places, encouraged desegregation in schools. It covered many other rights as well. President Lyndon B. Johnson signed the bill into a law on July, 2.
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Voting Rights Act of 1965 passed
This act outlawed discriminatory voting practices preventing African Americans to vote. Prohibition on voting discrimination, enforced through United States Federal district court. On August 6 the bill was signed into law by Lyndon B. Johnson. It made sure that no one could be turned down to vote.
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Summerhill Race Riot (Atlanta)
It was a four day riot led by SNCC and its leader Stokely Carmic. They were accused of inciting after alleged incident of police brutality. The riot caused one death and 20 injuries. It show frustation still in black communities with lower income. Even after a couple of decades of black political influence.
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MLK assassinated
James Earl Ray shot and killed MLK at 6:01pm at the Lorraine Motel in Memphis, Tennessee. 10,000 to 100,000 people watch the procession to Morehouse College. MLK had two Services for his funeral One at the Church were he and his father had been senior Pastors about 1,300 people came to that service.
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All GA schools integrated
This happened because The federal Government demanded that the schools must be integrated. Georgians didn't want the schools to be integrated that is why they elected Governor Vandiver. He said he would keep the schools segregated. Finally GA was integrated because Vandiver didn't want attention drawn to Georgia.
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