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14th Amendment
One of the Reconstruction Amendments. This amendment addresses citizenship rights and equal protection of the laws. It was proposed in response to issues related to former slaves after the American Civil War. -
Plessy v. Ferguson
Constitutional law case of the US Supreme Court. Upheld state racial segregation laws for public facilities under the doctrine of separate but equal. -
Race Riots in Chicago
Major racial conflict that began in Chicago July 27, 1919 and ended on August 3. During the riot, thirty-eight people died and over five hundred were injured. Mainly caused by ethnic tension. -
James Meredith
James Howard Meredith is a Civil Rights Movement figure, writer, political adviser and Air Force veteran. 1962 he became the first African American student admitted to the segregated University of Mississippi, after the intervention of the federal government. -
Executive Order 9981
Executive order issued July 28, 1948, but President Truman. Abolished racial discrimination in the US Armed Forces and eventually led to the end of segregation in the services. -
Brown vs. Board of Education
May 17, 1954, US Supreme Court Justice Earl Warren delivered unanimous ruing in the civil rights case Brown vs. Board of Education of Topek, Kansas. State segregation of public schools violated 14th amendment which was unconstitutional. -
Emmit Till
Emmett Louis Till was an African-American teen who was lynched in Mississippi at 14 years old, after being falsely accused of flirting with a white woman. -
Montgomery Bus Boycott
Sparked by the arrest of Rosa Parks on December 1st 1955, the Montgomery bus boycott was 13 month mass protest. It ended with the US Supreme Court ruling that segregation on public buses is unconstitutional. -
SCLC
The Southern Christian Leadership Conference is and African-American civil rights organization. Closely associated with it's first president, MLK Jr. had a large role in the American Civil Rights Movement. -
Little Rock Central H.S.
Key event of the American Civil Rights Movement. Nine black students enrolled at formerly all-white Central High School in Little Rock, Arkansas. 1954 US Supreme Court ruled segregation in public schools in unconstitutional. -
N.C. Sit in By 4 Black Students
Series of nonviolent protests in Greensboro, North Carolina in 1960. Led to the Woolworth department store chain removing its policiy of racial segregation in the Southern US. -
Freedom Riders
Civil rights activists who rode interstate buses into the segregated southern US 1961. 13 African-American and Caucasian civil rights activists launched the Freedom Rides. A series of bus trips through the American South to pretest segregation in interstate bus terminals. -
University of Alabama
George Wallace was governor of Alabama 1962. 1963 inaugural address, he promise, "Segregation now! Segregation tomorrow! Segregation forever!" When African American students attempted to desegregate the University of Alabama in June 1963, Alabama's new governor, flanked by state troopers, blocked the door of the enrollment office. US Supreme Court had declared segregation unconstitutional in 1954, and the executive branch undertook aggressive tactics to enforce the ruiling. -
I Have A Dream
"I Have a Dream" is a public speech delivered by American civil rights activist Martin Luther King Jr. During March on Washington for Jobs and Freedom. August 28, 1963, in which he calls for an end to racism in the US. And for Civio and economic rights for everyone. Delivered in the Lincoln Memorial. -
Birmingham Bombing
Baptist Church bombing was an act of white supremacist terrorism. Occurred at African American Church in Alabama on Sunday, September 15, 1963. -
Civil Rights Act
The Civil Rights Act of 1964 is a landmark civil rights and US labor law in the US. It outlaws discrimination based on race, color, religion, sex, or national origin. -
Freedom Summer
US Congress passed the Civil Rights Act of 194 and the Voting Rights Act of 1965. "Freedom Summer" is a term invented after public outrage helped it spur. -
Letters from Birmingham Jail
AKA Letter from Birmingham City Jail and The Negro Is Your Brother, is an open letter written April 16, 1964 by MLK Jr. The letter defends the strategy pf nonviolent resistance to racism. -
Selma to Montgomery
The Selma Montgomery marches were three protest marches, held in 1965, along 54-mile highway. -
Executive Order 11246
Signed by President Johnson. September 24, 1965, established requirements for non-discriminatory practices in hiring and employment on the part of US government contractors. -
Black Panthers
October 1966, Oakland California, Huey Newton and Bobby Seale founded the Black Panther Party for Se;f-defense. It practices militant self-defense of minority communities against the US government and fought to establish revolutionary socialism through mass organizing and community based programs. -
Detroit Race Riots
The Detroit race riot in June 29th throughout the early morning of June 22 in Michigan. it was suppressed by the use of 6,000 federal troops. -
Martin Luther King Jr.
After 6 pm, MLK jr. was fatally shot standing on the balcony outside his second story room at the Lorraine Motel in Memphis, Tennessee. 39 years old. -
Civil Rights Act
The Civil Rights Act of 1968, AKA the Fair Housing Act is a landmark part of legislation in the US that provided equal housing opportunities for everyone. -
Watts Riot
The Watts riots, or the Watts Rebellion, took place in the Watts neighborhood of LA from August 11 to 16 1965. African American motorist was arrested for suspicion of drunk driving. A roadside argument broke out and escalated into a fight.
