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The conflict was because the peace of the Old Kingdom gave a way to chaos and war between rival Egyptian groups around 2200 BC. Also, the water sacre made families and people started to doubt the pharaohs power as living god. That is why the Kingdom descended to a long war period.
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The stability, around 2040 BC the king Mentuhotep II reunited the kingdom and launched a new era of peace known as the Middle Kingdom. This period lasted until 1650 BC.
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The Middle Kingdom end with the invasion of the Hyksos.
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This is the official start of the New kingdom
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In this year Ahmose defeats and expulses Hyksos from Egypt and destroyes Avaris.
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Egyptian emire reaches its biggest point.