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The British victories over China marked the start of foreign imperialism's invasion and the establishment of the Treaty System.
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A peasant-led rebellion which caused the greatest casualty in the Chinese history. During the rebellion, the Han Chinese officials started to gain substantial political and economic power, and their private armies were the predecessors of major warlords in the early 20th Century.
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China was forced to open more ports and gave more economic and political privileges to foreign countries.
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China lost its control of Indochina (today's Vietnam, Burma and Cambodia).
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China lost its control over Korea; Taiwan became the colony of Japan
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The Hundred Days' Reform was a failed 103-day national, cultural, political, and educational reform movement.
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The Boxer Rebellion, Boxer Uprising or Yihetuan Movement was a violent anti-foreign, anti-colonial, and anti-Christian uprising. It led to foreign intervention by eight countries.
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Different warlords fought for lands and the control of government. The government in Beijing was charged by the Beiyang (Northern) warlords for most of the time.
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the collapse of Qing Dynasty
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Led by Chiang Kai-shek and carried out by the Nationalist Revolutionary Army, the Nationalist government regained control of the most part of China, ending the rule of warlords.
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Chiang Kai-shek and the Nationalist Party (KMT) started to suppress the CCP.
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In response of the Purge, the CCP started military uprising and established its armies, occupied and established several Soviet regimes in Southern China. After a decisive military defeat, the CCP and the Red Army conducted the Long March in 1934, moving its personnel and base to Yan'an, the Northwestern part of China.
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The Xi'an Incident of 1936 was a political crisis that took place in Xi'an, China prior to the Second Sino-Japanese War. The crisis unfolded when Chiang Kai-shek was detained by his subordinates Zhang Xueliang and Yang Hucheng with the purpose of forcing changes in policies toward Japan and CCP in the ruling Nationalist Party (KMT).
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The Nationalist Party government lost the war and treated to Taiwan.
