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The Italian renaissance was largely an artistic movement that challenged medieval intellectual values and styles.
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Leonardo da Vinci was a key scientific figure during the Renaissance. He created many inventions and studied human anatomy making advances in the medical field that we use to this day.
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The commercial revolution was the creation of Europes trade based economy, and
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The Church of England was formed by King Henry when he and the pope had a disagreement King Henry wanting to divorce his wife but the church forbid it. So King Henry created the Church of England.
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A devastating war that ravaged much of Europe and was the most destructive war in history until WW2.
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Issac Newton established the laws of physics, and was one of the key scientists in the scientific revolution and was also considered one of the greatest scientists of all time.
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Involved conflicts from 1640 to 1660 about political and religious disputes, resulted in restoration of the monarchy
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Absolute monarchy was a system in which the monarch made all the laws and was bound by none of them. King Louis XIV consolidated absolute monarchy in France.
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An increase in population in Europe resulted in more trade and exchange of ideas, this resulted in a need for religious tolerance.
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A world conflict between France and Britain for world dominance. This war went on for 7 years and was incredibly bloody.