-
Capture of Geromino
General George Crook pursued Geromino for ten months. At one point, Geronimo agreed to surrender, but, on the night before, changed his mind and took off again across the border, leaving the embarrassed General Crook to explain the fiasco to his superiors. The final surrender of Geronimo took place at Skeleton Canyon in September 1886. From there he was escorted to Fort Bowie and later removed to Florida. He lived until 1909. -
Period: to
Clash of the Cultures
-
Sand Creek Massacre
The Sand Creek Massacre was an Indian War of the United States that occurred on November 29, 1864. A 700-man force of Colorado Territory militia attacked and destroyed a village of friendly Cheyenne and Arapaho encamped in southeastern Colorado Territory. Killing and mutilating an estimated 70–163 Indians, about two-thirds of whom were women and children. -
Medicine Lodge Treaty
The Medicine Lodge Treaty is the name for three treaties signed between the United States government and southern Plains Indian tribes on October 28, 1867, intended to bring peace to the area by relocating the Native Americans to reservations in Indian Territory and away from European-American settlement. -
2nd Treaty of Fort Laramie
An agreement between the United States and the Lakota nation, Yanktonai Sioux, Santee Sioux, and Arapaho signed in 1868 at Fort Laramie in the Wyoming Territory, guaranteeing to the Lakota ownership of the Black Hills, and further land and hunting rights in South Dakota, Wyoming, and Montana. The treaty also ended Red Cloud's War. -
Ghost Dance Movement Begins
The Ghost Dance was a new religious movement which was incorporated into numerous Native American belief systems. The Natives believed proper practice of the dance would reunite the living with the spirits of the dead and bring peace, prosperity, and unity to native peoples throughout the region. -
Battle of Palo Duro Canyon
The 4th Cavalry under Colonel Ronald S. Mackenzie, moving north from Fort Concho, tracked a large band of Indians to their secret canyon camp. The troops snuck in on the south rim, the first troops reached the floor of the canyon before the Native camp fled. Mackenzie ordered the Indian camp and supplies burned and withdrew, taking along 1,400 captured horses. The cavalry suffered no causalities in the fight and only four Indian dead were counted. The Natives were forced to go to reservations. -
Battle of the Little Bighorn
The Battle of the Little Bighorn was fought near the Little Bighorn River in Montana Territory. Federal troops led by Lieutenant Colonel George Armstrong Custer against Lakota Sioux and Cheyenne warriors. White people wanted the gold found on Native lands and forced Natives to leave their home and live on reservations. Some Natives missed the deadline to leave. Custer attacked, but was unaware of the many Natives fighting under the command of Sitting Bull. Custer and his troops were defeated. -
Relocation of the Nez Perce
-
Wounded Knee Massacre
The Wounded Knee Massacre occurred on December 29, 1890, near Wounded Knee Creek on the Lakota Pine Ridge Indian Reservation in South Dakota. It was the last battle of the American Indian war.
