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Period: to
Oceana
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Captain James Cook
Between 1769 and 1778, the English adventurer, Captain James Cook, explored New Zealand and the eastern coast of Australia, along with other islands of Oceana. His adventurer broke the distance barrier between Oceana and the rest of the world. Soon after his return, visitors and settlers flocked to these areas. If he hadn't of explored there, then it would have been a long time before people would have gone there. image from www.galdu.org -
A Settlement of Convicts
The first pemanent British settlers in Australia were 736 convicts, 188 of them women, sent into exile from British prisons. The following small settlements had limited contact with the Aboriginies. They also grew very slowly as well. Without these original settlements suceeding, though, Australia wouldn't be the power it is today. image from silkstonss.eq.edu.au -
Gold Rush!
1851: Gold discovered in Australia! This prompts many free Europeans and some Chinese to go "down under". This brings the end of the colonies of convicts. This population boom makes Australia have a population of a million immigrants, and this population doubles by 1875. image from www.backgroundpictures.org -
New Zealands Slow Start
The original, temporary, residents of New Zealand were seal hunters and whalers. But, by th 1820s, the seal and whale populations had been devastated and no one was really willing to settle. Military action that defeated the native resistance, a brief goldrush, faster ships, and subsidized passages attracted more British immigrants after 1860. By the 1880s, fertile agricultural lands had a settler population of 500,000. image from www.keywordpictures.com -
Hawaii and the U.S.
Hawaii originally was its own governing nation, with limited contact with the rest of the world. But in 1887, the United States secured the Hawaiian port of Pearl Harbor. Six years later, American settlers deposed the Hawaiian monarch, Queen Liliuokalani, and offered the islands to the U.S. But then president, Grover Cleveland, was opposed to annexation. So, Hawaii would have to wait to be a state. Image from the.honoluluadvertiser.com -
Reduction of Native Populations
The original populations of Australia and New Zealand were 650,000 and 250,000, respectively, but by the 1890's the numbers had plumetted to 93,000 aboriginal Australians and 42,000 Maori New Zealanders. These drops in numbers were due to the natives' unfamiliarity to European disease, which is very similar to how the Amerindian reacted to European diseases. Image from www.oapb.cz -
Women's Right to Vote
The colonies of Australia and New Zealand were very progressive. Australia developed very powerful trade unions and these helped improve the welfare of skilled and semiskilled urban white male workers and helped promote democratic values. New Zealand progressive sentiments promoted the availability of land for the common person. Both Australia and New Zealand were the first states to grant women the right to vote, in 1894. image from aaconstitution.blogspot.com -
Segregation
An Australian law segregated the remaining aborigines in 1897. They are forced onto reservations where they do not have the rights of Australian citizens. This is another example of a people oppressing the original inhabitants, like in the Americas. Image from www.museumonline.at -
Hawaiian Annexation
President William McKinley approved the annexation of Hawaii for the U.S., as a steppingstone to Asia. The strategic location of this archipelago brought in military personnel. Also its fertile land caused planters to import fam laborers from Japan, China, and the Phillipines. Soon the immigrants greatly outnumbered the native Hawaiians. This is another example of immigrants overpowering the natives. image from gohawaii.about.com -
Start Self -Governance
Britain encouraged Australia and New Zealand to become self-governing dominions under Britain, like Canada. In 1901 Australia unified its six states and became unified and in 1907 New Zealand did the same. Britain encourages its colonies to start to self-govern because it wanted to accomplish three things: satify the settlers' desire for greater control of their own territories, mute demads for independence, and make them responsible for their expenses.
image from www.emigratingoverseas.com
