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Double tenth revolution and stablishment of the Chinase Republic
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Sun Yixian
Sun’s party reformed as the
Guomindang (GMD) and declared itself a parliamentary party. -
attempt to centralize power.
The 1912 Republican constitution had created regional assemblies, which he abolished in an attempt to centralize power. -
Period: to
The rule of Yuan Shikai
Yuan ruled China as a military dictator -
Period: to
Political weakness: regionalism
A key cause of the civil war in China was the increasing lack of unity in the country by the second decade of the 20th century.
With the abdication and death of Yuan, China lost the only figure that had maintained some degree of unity. China broke up into small states and provinces, each controlled by a warlord and his private army. -
The May Fourth Movement
two political movements developed in response to both the warlords
and foreign influence in China. The May Fourth Movement began in 1919. Students led a mass demonstration in Beijing against the warlords, traditional Chinese culture and the
Japanese. -
the First United Front
the GMD and the CCP wanted a unified China. They agreed that the first step to this was to get rid of the warlords, and they formed the First United Front. Both parties also agreed that China needed to be free of the foreign imperialist powers. -
Communists and nationalists
By the time Sun died in 1925, the GMD had made little progress towards fulfilling their ‘Three Principles’. They had been limited by their lack of power beyond the south, and the fact they had to rely on alliances with warlords due to the weakness of their military power. -
Socio-economics factors
China was ruled by the imperial Manchu dynasty. The vast majority of the
population were peasants. Their life was hard, working the land, and most were extremely
poor. -
Attempt to unify China
the GMD and the communists had captured
Hangzhou, Shanghai and Nanjing.They took Beijing in 1928. Within two years, the United Front of the GMD and the CCP had destroyed the power of the warlords, -
CIVIL WAR
Front, the CCP decided that its only hope of survival was to flee into the mountains of Jiangsi. The GMD pursued them, determined to destroy the communists. The civil war had begun. -
Period: to
First period
