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British colonized India in the 1700s
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-last independent provine
-after it, everything was under control of the East India Company -
-Peasant revolt against extravagant and corrupt dynasty due to increased poverty for masses
-Rebels gain control of large parts of China for 14 years
Government military eventually crushes rebellion
-20-30 million die in rebellion -
-Extravagant court
-Widespread corruption in government
-Tax evasion by the rich = more burden for the poor
-Population explosion = increased poverty and misery for the masses -
-First united rebellion against the British
-Began because they didn't like/agree with who was ruling
-British decided to take India under direct control of the crown -
Imperialist powers carve up China and seek to gain resources for trade and to expand "spheres of influence."
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-Qing Dynasty falls
- SunYat-sen leads China's new republic -
-pushed Mohandas Gandhi to push for Indian independence from Great Britain
-stirred Nationalists' feelings across India
-after the massacre, Gandhi became convinced that India should accept nothing less than full independence -
-Students protested against Twenty-One Demands
-THEIR GOAL:
-strengthen China by rejecting confucian traditions and adopt ideas from the west
-End to foreign domination
-Women were key in protest
-ended footbinding -
-allowed certain political cases to be tried without juries and permitted internment of suspects without trial
-object was to replace the repressive provisions of the wartime Defence of India Act -
-march held to protest tax put on salt by British
-led by Gandhi
-got a lot of attention
-changed world opinion on Indian Independence -
1934-1935
-Guomindang went on many extermination campaigns against the Communists
- The communists went on a Long March to Northern China from 1934-1935
- During the march, Communist soldiers were told to treat peasnts politely, pay for goods and avoid damaging crops
-Won support of peasants -
-limited self rule for Indian provinces
-by 1937 they were considered independent -
British accepts Indian National Congress independence from British rule
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India gained its independence in 1947
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1959-1961
- The Great Leap Forward
- Mao Zedong encouraged people to make a big effort to increase farm and industrial output
- It was a FAILURE
- it turned out low quality, useless goods, and led to famine
- About 55 million Chinese starved -
Indira Gandhi
-first WOMAN prime minister
-daughter of Jawaharal Nehru
-first WOMAN ever elected to lead a democracy -
- He was a more moderate leader
- Took over after Mao's death
- Wanted to improve economy
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The U.S. established diplomatic relations with China
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-thousands of demonstraters occupied Tiananmen Square in the capital of Beijing
-mainly students
-They wanted democracy
- Eventually the government sent in military
-Thousands of demonstraters were killed or wounded
-known as Tiananmen Square Massacre
