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Period: to
Civil Rights Time Line
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American Civil War
The American Civil War (1861–1865), in the United States, was a civil war fought over the secession of the Confederate States. -
Emancipation Proclamation
The Emancipation Proclamation is an executive order issued by United States President Abraham Lincoln on January 1, 1863, during the American Civil War using his war powers. -
Predident Abraham Lincoln Assasinated
Lincoln was assassinated by Confederate sympathizer John Wilkes Booth. His death was the first assassination of a U.S. president and sent the nation into mourning. -
Civil rights act grants black citizenship legal rights
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KKK Founded
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Supplemantary Freedmen's Bureau Act
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Military Reconstruction Act
Authorises federal army to occupy the south. -
Nation Assosiation for Women's sufferage founded
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15th Ammendment
Permits denial of sufferage -
Battle of Liberty Place
The Battle of Liberty Place was an attempted insurrection by the Crescent City White League against the legal Reconstruction state government on September 14, 1874 in New Orleans, Louisiana -
Second Civil Rights Act
Forbids racial discrimination in public places. Missisippi plan initiates white supremacists' campaign in south. US v Reese holds that 15th ammendment does not guarantee the right to vote -
US VS Cruikshank
Holds that the 14th ammendment does not protect individuals from racial crimes unless infringed by state action. -
First 'Jim Crow Law'
Passed in Louisiana. -
Booker T Washinton appointed principle of Tuskegee Institute
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Civil Rights cases state that civil rights act of 1875 is unconstitutional
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National American Suffrage Assosiation Established
The National American Woman Suffrage Association (NAWSA) was an American women's rights organization formed in May 1890 as a unification of the National Woman Suffrage Association (NWSA) and the American Woman Suffrage Association (AWSA) -
Enforcement laws Repealed
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Plessy Vs Ferguson
The decision was handed down by a vote of 7 to 1 with the majority opinion written by Justice Henry Billings Brown and the dissent written by Justice John Marshall Harlan. "Separate but equal" remained standard doctrine in U.S. law until its repudiation in the 1954 Supreme Court decision Brown v. Board of Education. -
Williams v Mississippi
Upholds literacy tests and grandfather clause -
Cumming v Board of Education
legalises tests and grandfather clause -
Jack Johnson
Johnson won his first title on February 3, 1903, beating Denver Ed Martin on points in a 20-round match for the World Coloured Heavyweight Championship. Johnson held the title until it was vacated when he won the world heavyweight title from Tommy Burns in Sydney, Australia on Boxing Day 1908. His reign of 2,151 days was the third longest in the 60-year-long history of the coloured heavyweight title. -
NAACP
National Association for the Advancement of Coloured People (NAACP) was formed It Is an African-American civil rights organization in the United States, formed in 1909. Its mission is "to ensure the political, educational, social, and economic equality of rights of all persons and to eliminate racial hatred and racial discrimination”. Its name, retained in accordance with tradition, uses the once common term coloured people. -
World War One
The United States was a formal participant in World War I from April 6, 1917 until the war's end in November 1918. Up to that point, the US had remained neutral, though the US had been an important supplier to Britain and other Allied powers. During the war, the US mobilized over 4,000,000 military personnel and suffered 110,000 deaths, including 43,000 due to the influenza pandemic. Under the leadership of President Woodrow Wilson America enters the war -
Executive Order
President Roosevelt signs Executive Order 8802 prohibiting discrimination in federal agencies and organisations engaged in the war effort. (Basicly it means No Military racism) -
Pearl Harbor
The Japanese attack Pearl Harbor and America enters the second world war. Japanese Americans are placed in internment camps while Blacks are enlisted in segregated military units and the Bracero program allows cheap Mexican labour into America -
CORE
Congress Of Racial Equality (CORE) was founded. -
The Cold War starts
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Committee of Civil rights
President Truman establishes a Committee of Civil rights -
Freedom ride
Congress Of Racial Equality (CORE) members conduct the first "Freedom ride" called "Journey of reconciliation. -
Jackie Robinson
Jackie Robinson becomes the first major league baseball -
The "To Secure These Rights" report was published
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Brown Vs Board of Education
Brown Vs Board of Education of Topeka, Kansas begins integration in public schools. -
Hernandez Vs Texas
Hernandez Vs Texas represents the first Mexican-American discrimination case to reach the Supreme court -
Montgomery Bus Boycott
Montgomery Bus Boycott began after the arrest of Rosa Parks who refuses to give up her seat. -
Montgomery bus Boycott ends
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Yates Vs United States
This case rules that membership of the Communist party is not a threat to state -
Little Rock
Nine Black students were barred from school in Little rock -
Voting rights case
Civil Rights Act empowers the Justice Departmrnt to begin law suits in voting rights cases. -
Southern Christian Leadership Conference (SCLC) is formed
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CORE student "sit-ins" begin
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SNCC
The Student Non-violent Co-ordinating Committee (SNCC) formed and the Civil Rights act strengthens the 1957 legislation -
Executive Order 10925
President Kennedy issues Executive Order 10925 providing employment opportunities in the Federal Government. -
Executive Order 11063
President Kennedy issues Executive Order 11063 wich ends segregation in Federal housing -
NFWA
National Farm Workers Association (NFWA) was founded -
Abington Township Vs Schempp
This case rules that prayers and Bible reading in public schools are violations of the constitutional principle of the separation of church from state -
I HAVE A DREAM
The March on Washington were Martian Luther King delivers his "I have a Dream Speach -
Kennedy Assassinated in Dallas
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Presidential commission
Presidential Commission on the status of women reports on sexual discrimination and The feminine mystique by Betty Friedan was published -
3 Civil rights workers murdered
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Noble Peace Prize
Dr Martin Luther King is awarded the Noble Peace Prize -
Civil Rights Act
Civil Rights Act prohibits racial discrimination in all public places in America -
Vietnam War
The Gulf of Tonkin incident commits America to war in Vietnam widh they go on to lose. -
Malcolm X Assassinated
Malcolm X prepared to address the OAAU in Manhattan's Audubon Ballroom, a disturbance broke out in the 400-person audience a man yelled, "Nigger! Get your hand outta my pocket!" As Malcolm X and his bodyguards moved to quiet the disturbance, a man seated in the front row rushed forward and shot him once in the chest with a double-barreled sawed-off shotgun. Two other men charged the stage and fired semi-automatic handguns, hitting Malcolm X several times. He was pronounced dead at 3:30 pm -
Selma March
The first march took place on March 7, 1965 — "Bloody Sunday" — when 600 civil rights marchers were attacked by state and local police with billy clubs and tear gas. The second march, the following Tuesday, resulted in 2,500 protesters turning around after crossing the Edmund Pettus Bridge. -
Riots
There were Riots in the Watts district of Los Angeles. This leads to the Voting Rights Act wich abolishes discrimination against minority voters -
Black Panther Movement
The organization initially set forth a doctrine calling primarily for the protection of African-American neighborhoods from police brutality. The organization's leaders espoused socialist and communist; however, the Party's early black nationalist reputation attracted a diverse membership. The Black Panther Party's objectives and philosophy expanded and evolved rapidly during the party's existence, making ideological consensus within the party difficult to achieve. -
Cuban Adjustment Act
This alowed Cuban migrants to remain in the USA -
MAYO and MALDEF
Mexican American Youth Organization (MAYO) established.
Mexican American Legal Defense and Education Fund (MALDEF) founded. -
Kerner Commission report published
President Lyndon Johnson formed an 11-member National Advisory Commission on Civil Disorders in July 1967 to explain the riots that plagued cities each summer since 1964 and to provide recommendations for the future. The Commission’s 1968 report, informally known as the Kerner Report, concluded that the nation was “moving toward two societies, one black, one white—separate and unequal.” -
Death of Martin Luther King
Martin Luther King was assassinated. The man convicted of his murder - James Earl Ray - was sentenced to 99 years prison but he denied having anything to do with the murder. This caused rioting in 130 citys over America. -
American Indian Movement (AIM) is founded
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Stonewall Riots bring gay rights to attention
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Womens Strike for Equality
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Swan Vs Charlotte-mecklenburg Board of education
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Giggs Vs Duke Power Company
This case upholds "positive discrimination" in employment -
NARF
Native American Rights Fund (NARF) was founded. -
AIM backed the march on Washington DC
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AIM backed the occupation of Wounded Knee
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ROAR
Restore Our Alienated Rights (ROAR) established in boston as protest against busing -
Miliken Vs Bradley
This case permits exclusion of Detroit suburbs from the integration plan -
IHCIA
The IHCIA of 1976 was enacted into law based upon findings that the health status of Indians ranked far below that of the general population. The Act declared that it was this Nation’s policy to elevate the health status of the Indian population to a level at parity with the general U.S. population. -
Regents of the University of california Vs Bakke
This case upholds the constitutionality of "affirmative action" but orders that Alan Bakke be admitted to the University of California Medical School -
Gay and lesbian Civil Rights march on Washington DC
The National March on Washington for Lesbian and Gay Rights was a large political rally that took place in Washington, D.C. on October 14, 1979. The first such march on Washington, it drew between 75,000 and 125,000 gay men, lesbians, bisexual and transgender people and straight allies to demand equal civil rights and urge the passage of protective civil rights legislation