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It is a Holy War. It was a war between Christians and Muslims. It was aimed to recover the Holy Land. Pope Urban II called for the first crusade. Even though they tried for two centuries it was a failure.
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French Word for "Rebirth". Studied the greeks and romans. Humanism comes about. Arts are more popular. Began in Florence
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Lasted 116 years. Fought between England and France. Fought over succession of the French Throne. House of Valois retains the French throne. About 2.5 million people died.
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Widespread epidemic. Came on trade ships from Asia. Carried by fleas on rats. 75 to 200 million people died. KiIlled 30%-60% of Europe's population.
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Joan was a peasant who became the savior of France. She was burned for heresy. She was not allowed into the army at first. She died at 19 years old. Instructed a priest to hold a crucifix high up so she could shout prayers.
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Used movable metal letters. Made books more accessible. First book he published was the Bible. Inspired Reformation. Helped print Marco Polo book.
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Ottomans invaded. Ottomans won the battle. Ottomans were commanded by 21 year old. 53 day siege. Marked the end of the Byzantine empire.
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To keep people catholic. In Spanish colonies and territories. It even extended to the america's. Intended to identify heretics. Many were tortured.
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Exchange of goods from old to new world. Also exchanged diseases. Cattle was brought to the Americas. Brought fruits to old world. Brought livestock to new world.
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Set sail August 3 1492. Took three small ships. First reached Bahamas. Next he hit Cuba. Believed he was in India.
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10 million africans enslaved. Used mainly on plantations. Later would be exchanged for merchandise. Mainly from Africa to America. Portuguese were first to take part in this trade.
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Painted by Leonardo Da Vinci. Painting of a women. Nobody knows if she is smiling or not. Painted in Florence, Italy. Property of the French Republic.
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Painted the Ceiling. Took him 4 years. Painted on a round ceiling very high up. Features scenes from book of Genesis. Painted on commission by Pope Julius II.
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Had six wives. Wanted his first marriage annulled. He was Catholic. King of England. Almost put him self in debt due to wars.
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Main focus was Indulgences. Nailed to Wittenberg Castle Church door. Believed you were saved by faith. Sparked the Protestant Reformation. Divided Catholic Church.
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Took Mexico for Spain. Took two year to conquer after finding Mexico. Colonized Cuba. Governor of New Spain.
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Book written by Niccolò Machiavelli. Written in Italian. First works of modern philosophy. Relatively short book. Justifies immoral means if they are to achieve glory and survival.
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Took the title of "Tsar of all Russians". Ruled all the way until his death. Ruled over 1,560,000 square miles. Also called Grand Prince of Moscow. Took mercury.
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Queen of England and Ireland. Queen until her death. Last monarch of house of Tudor. Daughter of Henry VIII. During her reign plays and English drama flourished.
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Also called catholic reformation. Begins with council of Trent. Ends with thirty years war. Response to the Protestant Reformation. Properly trained priests.
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Temporary settlement in Holy Roman Empire. Prince would determine countries religion. Could practice either religion. Could emigrate. Calvinists were ignored.
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Fleet of 130 ships. It was to overthrow Queen Elizabeth I. Sir Francis Drake stopped the fleet. Assembled by Phillip II. The next year England launched a counter campaign.
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Signed by Henry IV of France. Gave the Huguenots more rights. France was still mostly catholic. Offered general freedom. Marked the end of the religious wars.
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Warriors of Japan. Very skilled. Carried a bow. Carried two swords. Abolished in 1867.
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Died on 52nd birthday. Famous writer and play writer. Cause of death is unknown. Died shortly after purchasing new house. Made 1700 words.
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Sets up rights the King can't infringe on. It included non-parliamentary taxation. Also included martial law. Followed King Charles I execution. In response the House of commons set of four resolutions.
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He was beheaded.He was executed on a Tuesday. His children remained in England. The last time they saw him was the 29 of January. Executed at Palace of Whitehall.
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British man. In Japan. Wanted to meet the emperor. Did not bow and was expelled. Left Japan.
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Chinese had Europeans gold and silver. Europeans gave them opium in return. Chinese became addicted. People became lazy. War broke out.
