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First Europeans to sail to Australia were the Dutch Netherlands in 1606, but they didn’t settle there the Dutch made one landing, were attacked by Aborigines, and then abandoned further exploration. -
Captain James Cook sailed around Australia Cook named the area New South Wales Ignored the Aborigines living there & claimed the land for England Sailors also mapped the coast eastern Australia & Tasmania
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British ships called the “First Fleet” left England with convicts to establish a prison colony -
British prisoners settled in Australia -
New South Wales was officially a penal prison colony consisting mainly of convicts, marines guards, and the marines’ families -
Aborigines went through stages of being conquered through an 'invasion' and taking of their lands. European settlers often separated Aborigines from society -
It was the destination for the hardest of convicted British and Irish criminals, those who were secondary offenders having reoffended after their arrival in Australia. -
Non prisoner colonization continued major coastal settlements became 7 independent colonies. -
Originally, Australia promoted a policy called “White Australia Restriction Act of 1901: restricted migration to people primarily of European descent. -
Australia Act all legal ties with the British Empire were severed
