Australian Timeline By Pride_Pigeon 1606 The Dutch invaded Australia 1770 Captain James Cook sailed around Australia 1787 First Fleet left England to establish a prison 1788 British prisoners settled in Australia 1868 The British stopped sending prisoners to Australia 1901 Australian Commonwealth was created 1967 The federal government began to pass legislation to help Aboriginies 1986 Australia Act 1999 55% of voters rejected the idea of becoming an independent republic.