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The first permanent European settlement, the British Crown Colony of New South Wales, was established in 1788.
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The colony was originally only for convicts but then free settlers began moving in from the early 1970s
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Following the Federation in 1901, the government introduced the White Australia Policy, which excluded non-white immigrants.
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Over a million British people migrated to Australia due to the "Ten Pound Poms" scheme.
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From the 1970s, millions of migrants and refugees arrived in Australia, looking for a life free from war. Waves of migrants came from the Asia-Pacific region, Africa, and the Middle East.
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