Australian Government Evolution By unicorn173 Aug 22, 1770 Captain Cook Claimed the East Coast of Australia Jul 15, 1817 Australia's First Bank Begins operation Jan 1, 1825 Van Diemen's Land is established Period: Mar 1, 1891 to Apr 30, 1891 The first National Australasian Convention is held in Sydney Jul 9, 1900 Queen Victoria signs the Commonwealth of Australia Constitution Act. Jan 1, 1901 Edmund Barton becomes the First Prime Minister of Australia Jan 1, 1901 Lord Hopetoun became the first Governor-General