Australia's History By BenDraK04 Jan 1, 1606 The Dutch sail to Australia Jan 1, 1688 A.D. William Dampier arrives on the west coast of Australia. Jan 1, 1770 Captain James Cook lands on the east coast of Australia Jan 1, 1804 Hobart Town is established in Tasmania. Jan 1, 1833 Port Arthur opens as a penal settlement in Tasmania. Jan 1, 1851 The gold rush begins in New South Wales. Jan 1, 1873 Ayers Rock is first sighted by Europeans. Jan 1, 1914 Australian troops fight in World War 1. Jan 1, 1956 Melbourne hosts the Olympics. Jan 1, 1965 Australian troops sent to Vietnam War.