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The Dutch made one landing, were attacked by Aborigines, and then abandoned further exploration.
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1770: Captain James Cook sailed around Australia
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1787 – British ships called the “First Fleet” left England with convicts to establish a prison colony
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1788—British prisoners settled in Australia
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1788 to 1832: New South Wales was officially a penal (prison) colony consisting mainly of convicts, marines (guards), and the marines’ families
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From 1833, until the 1850s, it was the destination for the hardest of convicted British and Irish criminals,
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British transported prisoners to Australia until 1868
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January 1, 1901: the Commonwealth of Australia was established.
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Melbourne served as the national capital until Canberra was completed in 1927
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1999: 55% of voters rejected the idea of becoming an independent republic.