-
Missionaries (Hawaii)
The first New England missionaries reached Hawaii in 1820. -
Alaska Purchase (Alaska)
Secretary of State William Seward bought Alaska from Russia for $7.2 Million -
Sugar Plantations (Hawaii)
Sugar imports from Hawaii became less profitable with the McKinley Tariff. -
Influence of Sea Power Upon History (Alfred Thayer Mahan)
Alfred Thayer Mahan wrote the book arguing that control of the sea was key to world dominance and stimulated the naval race among world powers. -
Cuban Revolt (Spanish-American War)
Cuban insurrectos burned sugar canefields believing that if they destroyed enough of Cuba, Spain might abandon Cuba or the United States might help the Cubans with their independence. The Spanish put Cubans in reconstruction camps so they could not support the insurrectos. America had an investment and conducted substantial trade with Cuba. Congress passed a resolution in 1896 that recognized the revolting Cubans. President Cleveland opposed imperialism and would not go to war. -
Yellow Journalism (Spanish-American War)
William R. Hearst and Joseph Pulitzer used "yellow journalism" to inflate the anger of the American people over the crisis in Cuba. -
The Maine (Spanish-American War)
The American ship, Maine blew up in the Havana port. The Spanish claimed it was an accident (spontaneous combustion in one of the coal bunkers), while the Americans claimed that Spain had sunk it. The American people did not believe the Spanish, and war with Spain became imminent. -
Teller Amendment (Spanish-American War)
He conceded to the American people, and he sent his war message to Congress on April 11, 1898. Congress declared war and adopted the Teller Amendment. It said that when the United States had beaten the Spanish, the Cubans would be free. -
"Rough Riders" (Spanish-American War)
The "Rough Riders," was a regiment of American volunteers that was commanded by Colonel Leonard Wood and organized by Theodore Roosevelt. -
Puerto Rico (Spanish-American War)
The advancing American army caused the Spanish fleet to retreat from the Santiago harbor. Admiral Cervera's fleet was entirely destroyed on July 3, 1898. General Nelson A. Miles met little resistance when he took over Puerto Rico. -
Hawaii Annexation (Hawaii)
In 1893, Americans successfully overthrew the Queen. Most Hawaiians did not want to be annexed, though, so President Grover Cleveland decided to delay annexation of Hawaii. -
Spanish Armistice (Spanish-American War)
On August 12, 1898, Spain signed an armistice. -
Open Door Note (China)
Urged foreign powers to respect China's commercial rights. (Russia did not accept) -
Philippine Rebellion (Philippine-American War)
the Filipinos started a rebellion against the occupying American forces. The insurrection was led by Emilio Aguinaldo. In 1901, American soldiers captured the rebellion's leader, Emilio Aguinaldo, effectively ending the rebellion. -
Paris (Spanish-American War)
Spanish+Americans met in Paris to discuss the end of the war,America got Guam and Puerto Rico,Philippines were hard: didn't want to give the island back+but he didn't want to leave,Decided to Christianize the Filipinos,Manila had been captured the day after the war,America paid Spain $20 million,The treaty was controversial in the acquisition of the Philippines,The Anti-Imperialistic League fought expansionist moves,America has to help the underprivileged,approved the treaty on February 6, 1899. -
Philippine Commission (Philippine-American War)
President McKinley appointed the Philippine Commission in 1899 to set up a Filipino government. William H. Taft led the body. He genuinely liked the Filipinos, while the American soldiers did not. President McKinley's plan of "benevolent assimilation" of the Filipinos was slow; improving roads, sanitation + public health. The plan developed economic ties and set up a school system with English as the 2nd language. This system was hated by the Filipinos who preferred liberty over assimilation. -
Boxer Rebellion (China)
The Chinese called the "Boxers" killed hundreds of foreigners and a multinational force has to come in and stop the rebellion. -
Hay-Pauncefote Treaty (Panama Canal)
Allowed the U.S. to build and fortify the canal -
Hay-Bunau-Varilla Treaty (Panama Canal)
Gave the U.S. control over a 10-mile radius around the Panama Canal. -
Big Stick Diplomacy (Big Stick Diplomacy)
The policy held by Teddy Roosevelt in foreign affairs. The "big stick" symbolizes his power and readiness to use military force if necessary. It is a way of intimidating countries without actually harming them. -
Panama Revolution (Big Stick Diplomacy)
Bunau-Varilla on behalf of U.S. helped organized this country rebellion against Columbia to gain independence, as well as U.S. compensation for use of their land for the canal., The Isthmus of Panama had been part of Columbia. U.S. tried to negotiate with Columbia to build the Panama Canal. Columbia refused, so U.S. encouraged Panama to revolt. -
Dollar Diplomacy (Dollar Diplomacy)
Taft encouraged Wall Street Bankers to invest in foreign areas of strategic interest of the United States -
Mexican Revolution (Mexico)
The Mexican President was murdered and replaced by General Victoriano Huerto, a brutal dictator. Because of the chaos, many fled to American where they were initially rejected. -
Tampico Incident (Mexico)
A small group of American sailors was accidentally captured by the Mexicans, so Wilson demanded that the Navy seize control of the port of Vera Cruz. -
Neutrality Proclamation (World War 1)
President Wilson issued the neutrality proclamation at the outbreak of WWI. Most Americans were anti-German from the start of the war. Americans viewed Kaiser Wilhelm II, the leader of Germany, as the embodiment of arrogant autocracy. The majority of Americans were opposed to war. -
World War 1 Begins (World War 1)
World War I broke out when the heir to the throne of Austria-Hungary was murdered by a Serb patriot. An outraged Vienna government (backed by Germany) presented a series of demands to Serbia.Serbia (backed by Russia) refused.Russia mobilized its army, causing Germany to also mobilize its army. France implied that it would be neutral in the Germany-Russia conflict,but, as Germany was bordered on both sides by enemies, it decided to defeat France so it could focus on Russia. -
Sinking of the Lusitania, Arabic and Sussex (World War 1)
months after Germany started using submarines in war one of Germany's submarines sunk British, Lusitania, killing 128 Americans. Wilson opposed war. Germany sunk British ship, the Arabic, Berlin agreed not sink unarmed passenger ships without warning. Germany sunk French passenger steamer, Sussex, Germany agreed to Sussex pledge, which said Germany would not sink unarmed ships without warning. U.S. would convince Allies to stop trade blockade.not possible, so war with Germany became imminent. -
Germany Announces Unrestricted Submarine Warfare (World War 1)
Germany announced its decision to wage unrestricted submarine warfare on all ships, including American ships, in the war zone. Germany hoped that this act would take Britain out of the war before the Americans joined. -
Zimmerman note (World War 1)
German foreign secretary, Arthur Zimmermann secretly proposed a German-Mexican alliance with the Zimmermann note. News of the Zimmermann note leaked out to the public, infuriating Americans. -
Wilson's 14 Points (World War 1)
Wilson delivered his Fourteen Points Address to Congress on January 8, 1918. The message declared that WWI was being fought for a moral cause and it called for post-war peace in Europe. The message gave Wilson the position of moral leadership of the Allies. -
Red Scare (Red Scare)
Fear of Russia swept across the country in the years following the communist Bolshevik revolution of 1917, and a nationwide crusade against people whose Americanism was suspect. -
League of Nations (World War 1)
It would contain an assembly with seats for all nations and a council to be controlled by the great powers. Wilson envisioned it as a way to prevent future world wars. In February 1919, the the Big Four agreed to include the creation of the League in the treaty. -
Pearl Harbor (Japan)
Japan bombed Pearl Harbor and the U.S. initiated war on them, leading the Italy and Germany declaring war on the U.S., who then declared war back on them.
