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Christopher Columbus, an Italian explorer who was sponsored by Spanish King Ferdinand and Queen Isabella, landed in current day Bahamas. Looking for a trade route to India to trade spices. Columbus used natives he found for resources and labor as well as spreading disease to them from Europe. -
Jamestown was the first permanent settlement in North America. Colonized by English Settlers, who named the colony after King James were looking for new economic opportunity, as some may have had a bad life and England. They had nothing to lose and left their entire lives behind them to settle in the new world. The Settlers struggled during their first winter in Jamestown, facing high rate of famine and death due to a poor harvest as a direct result of not knowing how to plant in the new soil. -
The mayflower compact was the first written legislature of the new world. Written by puritans and separatists aboard the mayflower, they agreed on their own form of government and layed out principles for their colony. -
Thomas Savey invented and patented the steam engine. This was the start to the industrial revolution. Even today the steam engine has an impact on how we live our every day lives.
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The seven years was was mainly a conflict between Great Britain and French, in America it is commonly referred to as the French and Indian war. This is war span across 5 continents and was seen as one of the first global conflicts. In the U.S. it was fought in the French territory just west of the Appalachian Mountains. As a result of their lost, the British gained that land. -
Following the Treaty of Paris, which ended the seven years war, the proclamation of 1763 prohibited colonists from settling in the lands Great Britain acquired from the French. The proclamation line was through the Appalachian mountains, despite it not being allowed, colonists still moved west of the line. -
The stamp act was a part of the intolerable acts. This specific one was a tax implemented on textiles by Great Britain on the colonies. Imposing tax on all papers and official documents in the American colonies, but not in England. This brought up the claim "taxation without representation" as the colonists were not be represented in parliament. -
With rising tensions between colonists and loyalists in the early 1770's, the Boston Massacare is deemed by many a turning point on the journey to the revolutionary war. The Massacare happened when British Redcoats opened fire on a mob of patriots throwing things such as snowballs, sticks, and stones. It happened outside of the state house in Boston MA., the patriots wanted in becuase there was a secret british meeting happening inside. -
The first continental congress was a meeting which consisted of delegates from 12 of the 13 colonies. Their early discussion was along boycotting British good as a reaction to all the imposing tariffs out on goods. -
The shot heard round the world was the first gunshot at the battle of Lexington. This gunshot was the first shot in the American Revolution. Which was the war of America against England, fighting for their independence from King George and his Tyranny. -
The Continental Army was established as a result of the start of the American Revolutionary War. Starting out from local formed militia who called themselves minute men. Led by commander and chief General George Washington. -
Common Sense was a document published by Thomas Paine, one of the most influential authors of his time. This document was to boost American soldiers' moral during the American revolution -
As a result of the mistreatment of colonists by the kind, they decided to declare their independence from England. They called their nation the United states of America. Colonists drafted the Declaration of independence in Philadelphia PA. Congress voted on the decision on July 2nd and two days later it was ratified -
The articles of confederation was the first written constitution of the united states after it declared independence from Great Britain. Over time there were issued that arose from this document, leading to the ratification of the constitution of the united states. -
The Northwest Ordinance charted government for the Northwest territories, as well as a system for admitting states into the union. This includes the states of Ohio, Indiana, Illinois, Michigan, Wisconsin, and Minnesota. -
During this movement there was great amount of reform in many areas. Reform regarding religion, gender roles, and race/abolition all began to take place. Religious groups split into smaller groups and most disregarded the idea of predestination. With new advancements in manufacturing, women were able to work in textile mills and make their own money. People also started to speak on the moral wrongs of slavery and equality for all races. -
Violent tax protest by distillers in Pennsylvania. The tax was implemented by Alexander Hamilton, George Washington opposed the tax and went and asked citizens on their views. -
Eli Whitney invented the cotton gin, which was a machine used to clean the seeds cotton, before it had to be done manually. This lead to the creation to large cotton plantation in the south and the drive for slavery, now as the manufacturing of textiles became easier there was a higher demand for cotton. Making cotton the number 1 cash crop in the south and it's economy revolving around it. -
The Louisiana purchase was the acquisition of the Louisiana territory from France to the united states. President Thomas Jefferson bought the land for 15 Million dollars. Jefferson was a strict constructionist and didn't like the uncertainty of not obtaining the Mississippi river. Then explorers Lewis and Clark were sent to find travel routes and record any discoveries they may find. -
This court case established the principle of Judicial review, or the federal power to declare legislative or executive actions unconstitutional. Which shaped the supreme court to what it is today. -
The embargo of 1807 was out in place by president Thomas Jefferson. The goal was to cut off Britain and France from interfering with American trade while the two were at war. Ultimately it devastated American trade, but created a market for American production of goods. -
Battle led by roughneck Andrew Jackson who was relentless. It was the Greatest Land Victory the United States had ever seen. -
First widespread and durable financial crisis in the united states, the main cause of this panic was the end of years of fighting between France, and Great Britain. Who's trade the united states the depended upon. -
Maryland passed legislation to impose tax on the 2nd national bank. James McCulloch, the cashier of the Baltimore branch refused to pay the tax. The court ruled that the bank was unconstitutional as the constitution did not provide text to charter a national bank. -
The Missouri Compromise was in effort to keep a balance between slave states and free states. For every states would be admitted to the union in pairs, one free one not. The slave state would be south of Missouri, but when time for states like California to become a state the compromise created controversy. -
1824 presidential election of Henry Clay, John Quincy Adams, and Andrew Jackson. No candidate received majority of electoral votes, handing the election to the house of representatives according to the 12 amendment. However, Henry Clay was the speaker of the house, and dropped out of the election. Then, Henry and Clay had a meeting behind closed doors, 3 days later Adams was now was publicly supported by clay. Ultimately winning the election. Jackson supporters were enraged. -
This Supreme court case decided that federal government has exclusive power over interstate commerce. It freed all navigation of monopoly control. -
The Erie canal was the longest artificial river of its time during its construction (1817-1825). The canal connected the Hudson River and Lake Erie, ultimately creating a route that enabled people to make it to the Mississippi River from the Hudson. -
Nat turner was an an enslaved African American. He led a rebellion of other enslaved people. This revolt led to a Massacare of African Americans. The rebellion also rose the tension on pro-slavery and anti-abolition convictions in the area.
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The reaper was a tool used for for farming that combines all the uses of earlier tools. This led to unemployment rates of farm hands as they were not needed anymore due to the versatility of the Reaper. It was invented by Cyrus McCormick. -
The telegraph, invented by Samuel Morse, also creator of morse code. Which was the language used on telegraphs, using a series of long and short taps. Connected the country like never before. News was able to travel in an instant through a wire. Towns were centered around their form of communication and were now able to be expanded westward and still be connected to the east coast. -
After the American Mexican war, which started when Texas declared it's independence, the treaty was a peace agreement between Mexico and the united states. Adding 525,000 square miles of territory; present day Arizona, California, Colorado, Nevada, New Mexico, Utah, and Wyoming. Mexico gave up all claims to Texas and recognized the Rio Grande as the border.
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The fugitive slave act was a piece of the compromise of 1850. The act provided the seizure and return of all runaway slaves who escaped from one state into another or any federal territory. Even free Northern states.
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After the election of Abraham Lincoln the south was terrified that he would become a tyrannical president. In response, South Carolina was the first to leave the union. Many states followed suit and formed the confederacy.
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The Pacific Railroad act was signed by president Lincoln. As settlers were moving west, there needed be a system of transportation linking the East and West of the country. The Union Pacific and Central Pacific Railroad companies were hired. They would be paid in land and per mile of track they each laid. One working east and the other west, this created a work incentive and drive. If the railroad wasn't completed by 1872 both companies would loose all land acquired. -
With a union numerical advantage and repeated union attacks and equally vicious confederate counter attacks. The battle earned the single bloodiest day in American Military History with inconclusive results.
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The homestead act was signed to entice people to expand west by giving free land to any head of household. Families received 160 acres of land while singles got 80. There were stipulations that came with this free land, you had to reside and farm your land, and you had to improve it. This was so people wouldn't just buy land and let it sit. This however tightened the tensions between natives and white settlers. -
Abraham Lincoln issued the emancipation proclamation during the civil war. This document shifted the purpose of the war from unification of the union and confederacy to abolishing slavery. While some think this document itself abolished slavery, it did not, the 13th amendment did. -
The Battle of Gettysburg was a 3 day battle in the American Civil war. This war stopped confederate momentum in union territory, the first time the union was playing a defensive role in the war. The loss was major for General Lee, and took away all moral from his men. -
General Sherman marched his men through the Atlanta to Savanah Georgia to terrorize the south. This introduced the idea of total war. Destroying homes and crops all throughout the south. -
The 13th amendment forever abolished Slavery and involuntary servitude as an institution, except as punishment for crime. From this an era of discrimination of free blacks occurred, with things such as Jim Crow Laws. -
William Seward purchased Alaska for the string of islands on its southern coast, using them for re-coaling station for ships. Many people thought the purchase of Alaska was a waste and called it "Seward's Folley", until abundant amounts of natural resources were discovered bringing large amounts of profit for the united states.
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The Dawes act was passed in effort to allow native Americans claim land for their own. It was essentially the homestead act for native Americans. Any land that was claimed by natives was taking from their chunk of land that was their reservation, which had already been shrunk. Any land that was not claimed by natives by a certain time was made available for white settles to claim.
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As a result of Andrew Jacksons start of the spoil system, supporters of the newly elected presidents demanded federal job positions. After the shooting of President Garfield over a similar conflict, the Pendleton act was passed. The act required people who desired federal jobs to take a service exam for job eligibility. This act extinguished the spoil system and established the merit system for federal jobs. -
After the united states mediated an agreement between the Spain and Cuba the they intercepted a message from Spanish prime minister. The de Lomé letter called president McKinley a "would be politician" and said that Spain would treat Cuba however they pleased.
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Joint resolution of congress after McKinley's War message. The amendment established that the United states would not annex Cuba after beating the Spanish, but would liberate the Cuban people. -
Supreme court case which the verdict claimed that state mandated segregation laws did not violate the equal protection laws stated in the 14th ammendment. -
After the interception of the de lome letter, sent by Spanish. The united states took the uss Maine to Havana Harbor. In the middle of the night the ship exploded, and 260 sailors died. McKinley started preparing for war with a 50 million dollar grant from congress.
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The rough Riders was a Calvary unit established by Theodore Roosevelt. Roosevelt wanted to fight in the Spanish American war since he was an advocate and dropped naval rank to establish the rough riders. -
Spurred by nationalism from the Spanish American War McKinley Annexed Hawaii. It became a state and was used as a coaling depot for ships going to the newly obtained territory of the Philippines. -
Wilbur and Orville Wright flew their first plane in Kitty Hawk North Carolina. The brothers are credited with the invention of the airplane. The airplane changed the world forever and opened up the world of flight. From here aircraft were used for war and travel. Future space travel would not have been possible without the wright brothers.
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The novel The jungle was written by Upton Sinclair to promote communism in the united states and give it a good name. Instead it exposed the horrors of the meat industry. So much so that Theodore Roosevelt visited a meat factor himself and was absolutely repulsed by what he saw. So much he mandated the creation of the FDA (food and drug administration). This sparked workers reform all across the country and created new labor laws and requirements. -
The ford model T was the first Mass produced car ever. Henry Ford instated the assembly line process in the auto industry. As well as creating a comfortable work environment for employees, he wanted loyal employees. He set the precedent of shorter work days, weekends off, and vacation days. Forever changing the work force.
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The National Association for the Advancement of Colored People was founded by W.E.B Dubois and others who were concerned about the challenges being faced by African Americans. The organization will play a larger role in the 50's and 60's during the Civil rights movement. Changing African Americans' lives in America. -
The great migration was the movement of about 6 million African Americans from Rural southern states to urban north eastern cities. These people of color wanted to escape the racial harm of Jim Crow laws and were seeking employment. This migration led to things like the harlem renaissance.
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The Zimmerman telegram was from Germany to Mexico in during World War one. The United States intercepted the telegram. Germany wanted to declare close ties with Mexico due to its close proximity to the U.S.A. The United States saw it as a threat and act of war, and declared war on Germany. Beginning the US's involvement in ww1 and changed the course of the war for an allies win. -
During World War one Congress passed the Espionage and sedation act. They outlawed "disloyal, profane, scurrilous, or abusive language" about the United States Government or Military. They feared anti-war supporters would speak out against Woodrow Wilson. While this did strip Americans of their freedom of speech in a time of panic and war such as ww1 people just wanted to stay safe. We see similar restrictions in the cold war. -
Temperance was a big idea during the late 1800s with the 2nd Great Awakening. Women really drove for the ban alcohol, as their husbands would go and spend the families money and destroy their lives with drunkenness'. So the ban on alcohol seemed to be the right answer. The ban on alcohol was a long time in the making, but the ban actually increased the consumption of alcohol in the United States -
The 19th amendment gave the women to vote. It was a long hard fight for women, starting in the 1800's but subsided due to the civil war. This amendment led to women wanted even more rights and wanted to prove that they are equal to men. Leading to women's rights in the work force during the war and their roles in the 2nd world war. -
After ww1 the blame for the war was placed on Germany. The treaty of Versailles made Germany pay reparation to all damaged countries and forfeit colonies and overtaken countries from the war. Ultimately due to the treaty Germany fell into recession and inflation hit hard. The German people were vulnerable and desperate for a way out of this life. Leading to Adolf Hitler's rise to power from the vulnerable state of the country.
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The cotton club was a night club in Harlem, New York. Black performers that performed for white watchers. The Harlem renaissance gave way to the civil rights movement with the establishment of black communities. Black entertainers got their start here. -
The immigration act of 1924 limited the number of immigrants' entry into the United Sates through a national origin quota. Only allowing 2 percent of the origin countries percent in the united states per the 1890 consensus. This limited the number of incoming immigrants. It favored those from northern and western Europe. The act was instated because of the discrimination of the New Immigrant. -
The Great Gatsby is a novel by author F. Scott Fitzgerald. Fitz Gerald was an author apart of the lost generation, a generation in which came of age during time of war. The book takes place after ww1 in the roaring 20's holding historical accuracy. The Great Gatsby is still a staple in American classrooms and one of the most well known books in America. It become so popular because of its ability to have universal themes, some even associate the book with the idea of the American Dream.
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The Jazz Singer was the first motion picture with sound. The television changed the way the world received news, sports, and other entertainment. Even politics were affected by television. -
While Tv's weren't a popular household item until the 1950's they were originally invented in 1927 by Philo Farnsworth. The television changed media and entertainment as we know it, not only could be receive things like news but they could see it in real time. It was the focal point of all living rooms and commonly is even today. The television is ultimately what led to Kennedy's win, as he was more attractive and attentive to the tv viewers as Nixon was not, showing how great its impact is.
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The Valentine's Day Massacre is one of the biggest moments in mob history, organized crime was at it's height in Chicago at the time. Bugs Moran was expecting a shipment of liquor (this was during prohibition) so Al Capone sent 4 of his men dressed as police to meet Bug's men to kill them and confiscate the liquor. 7 of Bug's men were shot and the whiskey was taken by Capone's men. This was the last conflict between the two as Al Capone was jailed in 1931, and Moran lost his most important men.
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The stock market crash of 1929 followed the boom of econ of the roaring 20's. The crash was one of the main reasons for the great depression. Unemployment skyrocketed to 35%. It hurt many families and changed America forever with the new deal and the creation of its new agencies. Some of which are still in act today. Over all the market crash led to some of the largest economic reform the country has ever seen. -
The bonus army march was a protest of 15,000 veterans that were impacted by the great depression. They set up Hoovervilles in front of the white house and demanded they get their financial support that was promised to be paid in 1945 for their service in the first world war. They demanded their money and said Hoover was doing nothing about it. Hoover himself came out and told them there was nothing he was able to do about the payments.. -
The dust bowl was due to extreme drought in the plains. The dust would overtake farms and ruins people's crops and trap people in houses. Ecologically the crops were killed hurting the farm owners financially. Many had to move and start over. The dust damaged crops, air quality, food supply for the whole country and caused much poverty. -
Franklin Roosevelt wanted to take action regarding the great depression unlike Herbert Hoover. The New Deal was a plan that cam in two waves, the first to restore the economy and the 2nd to give welfare and support to citizens. The new deal also created organizations to help people, which created government jobs. Many of which are still around.
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The Social Security Act of 1935 was apart of the New Deal to provide aid for citizens. Money was taken as a tax out of paychecks. Social Security was meant to be aid with other money people have saved. Social Security was able to be withdrawn at the age of 65. The Act had great impact on America, it was able to allow the older generation to retire, opening up jobs for younger people and allowing people to move up to higher positions.
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Franklin Roosevelt wanted to stay neutral with the war in Europe. The act made it illegal for Americans to sell or transport arms or other war materials to countries involved in the war as well as traveling on foreign ships. All of this was to stay out of any international relations that may bring them into war.
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Pieces of Roosevelt's New Deal had been struck down by the supreme court. In response FDR said he will increase the supreme court to 15 justices to make it "more efficient". It was never completed but people feared that he would actually pack the court, so the justices started voting for the new deal under the pressure. FDR created a new role for the executive branch.
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President Roosevelt issued act 8802 to get rid of discriminatory hiring in all government jobs and companies under government contract. Later this ultimately led to African Americans demanding no job discrimination period. This act had great impact on the fights for civil rights. -
The Japanese attacked American Naval Base at Pearl Harbor. Many were killed and ships were destructed. The us had been making good economic ties with countries close to Japan. The united states saw this as an act of war. This gave entry to the second world war for the united states in two fronts, pacific and European theater. The war instantly brought the united states out of the great depression with wartime manufacturing.
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The G.I bill was originally for returning WW2 veterans but was expanded to all veterans. The bill provides benefits such as free college tuition, low interest rate loans for business, homes, and farming. The bill established an importance in education for many citizens as they now saw how important it was carried to future generations and even the present day. The G.I bill was extremely popular as the benefits are still available for veterans in today's time.
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D-day, also known as Operation Overlord was the largest seaborne invasion in history. In order to take back France Allie powers decided to invade from the beaches. D-Day holds importance because its seen as a turning point in the war. The allies were able to push the axis back and take over the beaches. Less than a year after Nazi Germany surrendered.
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The Yalta Conference was between the big 3. Stalin, Churchill, and Eisenhower. They focused on the post war peace, of course we know that Stalin did not do so good with this. They worked to give the people of the broken front of Europe determination to rebuild. They focused on what would happen with Germany postwar.
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Winston Churchill gav3e his Iron Curtain speech in response to the USSR taking over eastern Europe. He urged that America and Brittan be the guardians of peace and stabilize the Germany that was in pieces. Churchill wanted the USA to stay in the fight helping to help contain communism. The speech was very effective, soon later the Truman Doctrine and Marshall Plan which did exactly what Churchill wanted.
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After world war 2 people got busy, and not just at work. From years 1946-1963 76 million babies were born. This rapid population growth lead to the expanse of industries including pediatric health care, construction for homes, child consumer goods and education. These children grew up and were taught to fit in because of how crazy their parents lives' were. -
The Hollywood 10 were screenwriters, directors, and actors that were tried in front of the house of unamerican activities because of their power of influence. When they refused to answer questions about their possible communist affiliation they were highly suspicious. They served prison time for contempt and like most people that were victims of these trials, outcast from society. The trial showed how destructive communist allegations can be to someones life.
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Alfred and Wilfred Levit were a father son combo who created a new type of suburb called levittowns. They were the archetype for the new post war suburb. They had about 6 floorplans to use and since the mass construction material waste and overallcost were very low. Due to the babyboom levittowns and similar suburbs popped up everywhere for growing families. When we think of the 50's we think of the classic atomic family in the suburbs thanks to levittowns.
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The Marshall Plan was economic recovery Plan funded by the United States for Europe. They rebuilt cities and established a capitalist economy. They also wanted to establish trade and connections between the European countries to also prevent war between them. It helped rebuild places like western Germany, even today there is a visible difference between east and west Germany all because of the Marshall Plan.
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After ww2 Germany was split in 2, the west was controlled by Allie powers while the communist USSR control the eastern half. While the western half was being reconstructed with the help of the Marshall Plan the east was still in ruins. The split of Germany and the takeover of Eastern Europe by the USSR created a stigma around these overtaken countries that is still present in today's times. -
Berlin, was in the eastern sector of Germany which was controlled by the USSR. Just as Germany was, Berlin was split into east and west, USSR in the east and France, Britain and, America controlling the west. Stalin had established the Berlin Blockade which restricted any ally force or aid to travel through east Germany to provide to citizens in West Berlin. The United Kingdom and United States used planes with crates attached to parachutes to drop supplies into West Berlin. -
The North Atlantic Treaty Organization, Nato, is an alliance of like minded countries that was formed as response to the ever growing Soviet Union. They believe that an attack on one of the members is an attack on all. This stopped Stalin from advancing his bounties in Nato territory as the United States and UK were apart of the organization. Ultimately creating alliances and peace between countries and helping contain communism. -
In the 1952 election Dwight D. Eisenhower was elected president of the United States. With an impressive military background it seemed right for him to become commander and chief. Also fighting communism Eisenhower believed the way to beat communism was fight it head on. Perfect timing because the meat of the cold war is getting ready to begin. He is also close with Churchill, strengthening our bond with the United Kingdom. -
The Korean War was yet another fight against communism, as the North wanted to untie Korea under the communist flag while the south wanted to keep democracy alive.The United States sent troops in support if the south and successfully pushed the northern troops to the border of china, in fear of involving china the North and South came to an agreement to divide at the 49th Parallel and become two separate nations. To this day the agreement is under an armistice. Once again communism is contained. -
Brown V. Board was a supreme court case over the segregation of public schools. Brown was represented by Thurgood Marshall, who went on to become the first African American Supreme court Justice. Brown won the case, which overturned previous Plessy V. Ferguson which stated segregation was "separate, but equal". public spaces were now forced to integrate.
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The bus boycott started after a NAACP representative, Rosa Parks, refused to give up her seat when she sat down in the front of the bus, which at the time was only for white people. African Americans walked and carpooled with those with cars to work, some would walk for hours every day in efforts to be heard. African Americans made up a majority if the bus's customers. Eventually the bus company joined the fight, and legislation was changed, their mission was completed and change was made!
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The Eisenhower interstate act is the largest public works project in American history. Eisenhower served in ww2 and saw Germany's Autobahn, a interstate system. He claimed it would reduce traffic and allow for faster transit. The interstates were also built with the cold war in mind, his selling point was that one mile flat and straight stretches would be built as emergency runways. These interstates are still in America and over time have been expanded and frequently used.
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With tightening tensions between the United States and USSR, the successful launch of the Sputnik by the Russians was a landmark event. The Russians launched a satellite which made Americans fear how advanced the USSR might actually be. In reaction Eisenhower
Established Nasa and the space race began. -
During the Cold War both the soviet and United States deployed spies to find out the latest information. Pilot Gary Powers was flying over Russia when he was spotted and shot down. The routine was supposed to be him pushing the self destruct button, killing him and destroying the plane. For whatever reason this did not happen and he was captured. The incident was used by the soviet as propaganda and an excuser to back out of an upcoming conference . -
The Greensboro 4 were African American college students that would go to Wool Worth's lunch counter and asked they be served food. When they were denied service they calmly remained seated until the police arrested them. The next day they repeated the process. News began to broadcast them and college students across America began to participate in sit ins. Only 6 months later legislation and company ruling changed and the 4 were served lunch at the very counter of their sit ins.
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The CIA trained Cuban exiles to take back Cuba from communism. Eisenhower organized the mission and his military background had a great impact. Right before the mission took place JKF came into office and declared he would pull out all united states reinforcement from the invasion. Kennedy wanted no trace of the united states being a part of the invasion due to rising tensions with the USSR. The Cuban military was then able to send tanks and troops to overpower the exiles, who faced defeat.
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Shortly after the communist revolution in Cuba ties with the soviet union were established. This was frightening to the United States as it was the height of the cold war, and Cuba is in it's backyard. Spy planes saw missile launch bases being built in Cuba which sent the u.s into full panic mode. Shortly after ships from the soviet with icbm's were spotted heading to Cuba, Kennedy established a naval quarantine and successfully turned the ships around.
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After news of missile launches being built in Cuba the USA panicked, they panicked more when Soviet ships carrying missiles were spotted heading towards Cuba. Kennedy estates a Naval blockade or quarantine to block the ships from entering Cuban territory. The blockade was a high tension stand off between the USSR and USA and the closest moment we have ever been to nuclear warfare to this day. This moment could be seen by some as the height of th e cold war.
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The March on Washington was a huge protest organized by all civil rights organizations. Organizations like NAACP, CORE, SCLC, SNCC all spread the word and rallied about 250,000 people in support of civil rights. This event is where Martin Luther King Jr. gave his famous "I have a dream" speech. The march was seen as a turning point in the movement.
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The civil Rights act was signed by President Lyndon B. Johnson. The act was a result of all the work and hardships of African Americans who were fighting for the freedoms that were promised by the 14th amendment but not given to them. The new legislation prohibited discrimination on the basis of race, color, religion, sex or national origin.
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Activist John Lewis led a March from Selma to Montgomery Alabama. When coming to a bridge they were met by state troopers that were refusing to let them continue. Despite this the group went on and many were injured suffering head injuries, and were hospitalized. This is how it got its name, Bloody Sunday.
