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The ancient empire, centred on the city of Rome, that was established in 27 BCE following the demise of the Roman Republic and continuing to the final eclipse of the Empire of the West in the 5th century CE.
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Rome becomes a republic. The last king is overthrown and Rome is now ruled by elected officials called senators. There is a constitution with laws and a republican government.
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Hannibal leads the Carthage army in his famous crossing of the Alps to attack Rome. This is part of the Second Punic war. .
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Spartacus the gladiator leads the slaves in an uprising.
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Julius Caesar becomes the first dictator. Caesar makes his famous Crossing of the Rubicon and defeats Pompey in a civil war to become the supreme ruler of Rome. This signals the end of the Roman Republic.
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Julius Caesar is assassinated on the Ides of March by Marcus Brutus. They hope to bring back the republic, but civil war breaks out.
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The Roman Empire begins as Caesar Augustus becomes the first Roman Emperor.
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History has blamed Nero for the disaster, implying that he started the fire so that he could bypass the senate and rebuild Rome to his liking. Much of what is known about the great fire of Rome comes from the aristocrat and historian Tacitus, who claimed that Nero watched Rome burn while merrily playing his fiddle.
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Vespasian (69-79 CE), Titus (79-81 CE) and Domitian (81-96 AD)
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The Hadrian Wall was built.The wall kept out the barbarians a long northern England.
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Constantine becomes Emperor of Rome. Constantine would convert to Christianity and Rome would become a Christian empire. Prior to this Rome persecuted the Christians.
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Theodosius I declares Christianity to be the sole religion of the Roman Empire.
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Rome splits into two empires
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The Visigoths sack Rome. This is the first time in 800 years that the city of Rome has fallen to an enemy.
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The fall of the Western Roman Empire and the fall of Ancient Rome. The last Roman Emperor Romulus Augustus is defeated by the German Goth Odoacer. This signals the start of the Dark Ages in Europe.
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