American History Project #4257

  • June 9, 1772 – Gaspee Affair

    June 9, 1772 – Gaspee Affair

    Colonists boarded the Gaspee which was a British vessel off the coast of Rhode Island and set it on fire. John Brown was a merchant that was angered by the high British taxes on his goods hence seizing control of the ship and setting it ablaze with the help of other colonists
  • December 16, 1773 - "Boston Tea Party"

    December 16, 1773 - "Boston Tea Party"

    A group of Massachusetts colonists disguised as Indians boarded three British tea ships and threw 342 crates of tea into their Boston harbor. The “Boston Tea Party,” was in protest of the British Parliament’s Tea Act of 1773, a bill designed to save the faltering East India Company by greatly lowering its tea tax and granting it a virtual monopoly on the American tea trade.
  • June 2, 1774 - Martial Law declared in Massachusetts.

    June 2, 1774 - Martial Law declared in Massachusetts.

    The British imposed direct military control of normal functions of the government in case of a disaster. The British Parliament passed the Boston Port Act that closed the port of Boston and demanded that the residents pay for the tea that was dumped during the Boston Tea Party.
  • June 15, 1775 - George Washington appointed to Commander-in-Chief of the Continental Army

    June 15, 1775 - George Washington appointed to Commander-in-Chief of the Continental Army

    The Second Continental Congress unanimously voted for Washington to lead the revolutionary army. Earlier, he had stood out before his contemporaries as a commander for the British Army in the 1745 French and Indian War
  • July 4, 1776 - US declares its Independence from Britain

    July 4, 1776 - US declares its Independence from Britain

    The pronouncement was adopted by the Second Continental Congress which combined the 13 independent states into the United States of America freeing themselves from Britain. The declaration was signed by representatives from New Hampshire, Massachusetts Bay, Rhode Island, Connecticut, New York, New Jersey, Pennsylvania, Maryland, Delaware, Virginia, North Carolina, South Carolina, and Georgia.
  • September 19, 1777 - American forces win the 1st Battle of Saratoga.

    September 19, 1777 - American forces win the 1st Battle of Saratoga.

    The British army under General John Burgoyne was met with the Northern Department of the Continental Army in Saratoga that was commanded by General Horatio Gates. The Americans were forced to pull back but the British had suffered twice the number of casualties of Americans
  • August 7, 1782 - Gen. George Washington creates the Order of the Purple Heart (for soldiers wounded in battle).

    August 7, 1782 - Gen. George Washington creates the Order of the Purple Heart (for soldiers wounded in battle).

    Washington created the “Badge for Military Merit” that was presented to soldiers for any of their singularly meritorious actions. The names of the honored soldiers were inscribed in the “Book of Merit”
  • August 8, 1786 - United Congress adopts the "Dollar"

    August 8, 1786 - United Congress adopts the "Dollar"

    Congress unanimously resolved one dollar as the money unit of the US on July 6, 1785. The Board of Treasury reported to Congress on this establishment on April 8, 1786. On August 8, 1787, Congress adopted the standard as the “Money Unit of the US”
  • October 27, 1787 - 1st of the Federalist Papers published in a New York newspaper, calling for a Bill of Rights

    October 27, 1787 - 1st of the Federalist Papers published in a New York newspaper, calling for a Bill of Rights

    The Federalist Papers were a series of 85 essays written anonymously by Alexander Hamilton, John Jay, and James Madison. The federalist papers are used today to help interpret the intentions of those drafting the constitution
  • June 21, 1788 - United States Constitution goes into effect.

    June 21, 1788 - United States Constitution goes into effect.

    New Hampshire became the ninth and last state necessary to ratify the US constitution making it a law of the land
  • April 21, 1789 - John Adams sworn in as the 1st US Vice President

    April 21, 1789 - John Adams sworn in as the 1st US Vice President

    John Adams was inaugurated as the first US Vice President. However, he did not become Vice President as the Congress couldn’t convene and achieve a quorum
  • April 30, 1789 - George Washington sworn in as the 1st US President.

    April 30, 1789 - George Washington sworn in as the 1st US President.

    George Washington is sworn in as the first American president at Federal Hall in New York and he delivers his first inaugural speech
  • September 29, 1789 - US Army established.

    September 29, 1789 - US Army established.

    After a series of requests from President George Washington, Congress created the US Army. Congress had the power to raise and support armies as per the constitution
  • December 21, 1790 - Samuel Slater opens the first textile factory in Pawtucket, Rhode Island.

    December 21, 1790 - Samuel Slater opens the first textile factory in Pawtucket, Rhode Island.

    Samuel Slater flees Britain to seek fortune in America where he built the first textile industry. He helped established Slatersville town in Rhode Island. Before the civil war, textile manufacture was the most important industry in America
  • December 15, 1791 - Bill of Rights (1st - 10 Amendments) becomes part of the US Constitution

    December 15, 1791 - Bill of Rights (1st - 10 Amendments) becomes part of the US Constitution

    On December 15, 1791, Virginia became the 10th of 14 states to approve 10 of the 12 amendments, thus giving the Bill of Rights the majority of state ratification necessary to make it legal. Of the two amendments not ratified, the first concerned the population system of representation, while the second prohibited laws varying the payment of congressional members from taking effect until an election intervened.
  • March 27, 1794 - US Navy established.

    March 27, 1794 - US Navy established.

    The Naval Act of 1794 was an Act to provide a Naval Armament and was passed by the United States Congress on March 1794 to establish the first naval force.
  • June 18, 1812 - United States declares war on Britain.

    June 18, 1812 - United States declares war on Britain.

    President James Madison signed a declaration of war against Britain after 79 to 49 votes for war in the House of Representatives and 19 to 13 votes for war in the Senate.
  • August 24, 1814 - British set fire to Washington, D.C.

    August 24, 1814 - British set fire to Washington, D.C.

    During the War of 1812, British troops accessed Washington D.C. and burned down the White House in response to the American attack in June 1813 on the city of York in Ontario, Canada
  • February 2, 1848 - Mexico and the United States sign the treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo, ending the Mexican-American War.

    February 2, 1848 - Mexico and the United States sign the treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo, ending the Mexican-American War.

    The treaty was signed to end the Mexican-American war in favor of the US. This event contributed to the addition of the US territory by 525,000 square miles to include Texas, Nevada, New Mexico, Utah, California, and parts of Colorado and Wyoming
  • March 4, 1861 - Abraham Lincoln sworn in as the 16th US President

    March 4, 1861 - Abraham Lincoln sworn in as the 16th US President

    Abraham Lincoln becomes inaugurated and made a speech where he promised to enforce federal laws in the states that seceded from the union. This marked the beginning of Lincoln’s leadership of the United States through the American Civil War as the greatest cultural, moral, political, and constitutional crisis.

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