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President Jefferson paid $15 million to Napoleon for the Louisiana Purchase.
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The United States declared war on Britain for interfering in the United States westward expansion
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Construction of the first public railroad began.
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This was America's effort to gain control of California and the southwest territory from Mexico.
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Gold was discovered at Sutter's Mill in California.
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Abraham Lincoln was elected 16th president of the United States.
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The Civil War began on this date. The war was between the Union States and the Confederacy States over the expansion of slavery.
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Robert E. Lee surrendered to Ulysses S. Grant at the Appomattox Courthouse.
