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Credited with discovering the Americas
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claimed new colonies for spain
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conquered the Inca Empire in Peru
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First to discover and cross the Mississippi River
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Spanish settlers and Native Americans intermarried, creating a mixed race called mestizos.
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Roanoke – 1st attempt at English settlement – “The Lost Colony”
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founded by the Virginia Company
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Only Catholics allowed in the new territory, except for French protestants
Became fur traders -
Offered huge land tracts called patroonships.
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banned from Massachusetts
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Brought up on heresy charges
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Pequot were virtually wiped put by the English
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Indians were defeated and marked the end to Indian resistance in New England
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French built Fort Duquesne at the point where the Ohio River forms
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War officially ends with Treaty of Paris
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proclamation 1763
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A clash between British troops and townspeople in Boston
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British General Thomas Gage sent 700 soldiers to destroy guns and ammunition the colonists had stored in the town of Concord, just outside of Boston.
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Proclaimed the United States of America was forevermore a free nation
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Great Britain acknowledged the US as a free nation
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Divided land into 36-square-mile units with Unit 16 set aside for schools
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established patterns for dividing and setting the NW Territory
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Created guidelines for admission as states in the US
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Delegates met to revise the Articles of Confederation but decided to create a new constitution
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No details for a court system in the Constitution
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First textile mills in America were opened by Samuel Slater in Pawtucket, Rhode Island
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cleaned the seeds out of cotton
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Western settlers were angry - the treaty allowed the British to continue in the fur trade on the American side of the US-Canadian border
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Established the northern border between Spanish Florida and the US
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Amendments added to the Constitution//peoples rights
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Thomas Jefferson (Democratic Republican) v. John Adams (Federalist)
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Introduced with muskets
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Meeting between United States and France over the Quasi-Wars - conflict in the Caribbean over shipping and trade
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Electoral college voted - Jefferson and his running mate, Aaron Burr tied
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Revivals led by Charles G. Finney
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The expedition led to a large migration of settlers to the Pacific Northwest - traveled via the Oregon Trail
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US did not want to get involved with problems between Britain and France
President Jefferson declared an embargo(no trade) with Britain and France -
Launched the first successful steamboat service
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US and Britain returned land boundaries to where they were before the war
US won respect from other nations
US nationalism grew stronger
Federalist Party lost its credibility and disbanded
US manufacturing grew due to a lack of British manufactured goods
US became more self sufficient
Native American resistance decline -
James Madison reelected
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elected president
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US faced widespread economic problems
Foreclosures
Bank failures
Unemployment
Slump in agriculture and manufacturing -
Supreme Court (John Marshall) ruled
that Congress had the right to establish a
national bank under the Necessary and
Proper (Elastic) Clause of the Constitution -
Negotiated a treaty with Spain
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- The extension of slavery into new territories divides the North and South - conflict over state’s rights
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James Monroe reelected
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Mexico gained independence from Spain - Texas part of Mexico
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Stated American continents were
no longer open to colonization - US would
view any attempt as an act of aggression -
Supreme Court (John Marshall)
ruled that only Congress had the power to
regulate interstate commerce and foreign
trade -
Adams named Henry Clay his Secretary of
State - Jackson called the election a
“corrupt bargain” -
Connected the Great Lakes with the Hudson River and the Atlantic Ocean
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Share everything, live in harmony
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Protective tariff designed to protect
northern manufacturing from competition
from cheaper British imports -
Andrew Jackson
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Congress passed the Indian Removal
Act - authorized the removal of Native
Americans from the SE United State -
led a group of settlers to Texas - Mexican government led by General Santa Anna exerted control over settlers
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Caused the south to strengthen slave
codes (laws restricting activities and conduct
of slaves) -
Founded The Liberator, an anti-slavery newspaper
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Jackson won re-election
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SC threatened to secede if the tariffs
were not repealed -
Court ruled that the Cherokee had a right
to remain on their land and could not be
forcibly removed -
National Republicans changed their name to
the Whig Party -
Made harvesting wheat easier
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Troops sent to round up Cherokee and move
them to Oklahoma -
led the settlers into a rebellion - declared Texas independence
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Martin Van Buren elected
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Texans took Santa Anna hostage - agreed to recognize the Republic of Texas
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Martin Van Buren (Democrat) elected president over William Henry Harrison (Anti-Masonic)
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Allowed farmers to plow and grow crops in areas out west that’s land was too dry or hard
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a network of roads connected most of the cities and towns in the US
Promoted travel -
William Henry Harrison elected
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William Henry Harrison - Whig
Won the election -
Stretched 800 miles west
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Based on transcendentalism
Thoreau, Emerson -
Signed in 1842 by Daniel Webster of US and Lord Ashburton of Great Britain
Established the United States’ northern border with Canada in Maine and Minnesota -
Telegraph - device that sends messages using electricity through wires-Instant communication
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Won by Democrat James K. Polk - first “dark horse” winner in US history
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President Polk approached Britain proclaiming “”54-40, or fight!” - claimed US had rightful claims to Oregon territory
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Proposed banning slavery from any land purchased from Mexico
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Elias Howe had the first patent on a sewing machine in the United States
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Polk sent troops to Texas border to settle US-Mexico border dispute and to negotiate the purchase of California and New Mexico
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Brigham Young
Led the Mormons West to Utah for settlement -
Every man married to every woman - “free love’
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Stanton called for women to be given the right to vote
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Mexico gave up New Mexico and California territories to the United States in exchange for payment
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Gold was discovered in California
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Zachary Taylor (Whig) elected President over Lewis Cass (Democrat) and Martin Van Buren (Free-Soil)
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Settlers moving west in search for gold
Called ’49’ers -
California admitted as a free state
Unorganized territories declared free
Utah and New Mexico territories were to decide the issue of slavery through popular sovereignty -
Henry Clay offers a compromise to maintain balance between the free and slave states
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– President Zachary Taylor died of cholera
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Franklin Pierce
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Franklin Pierce (Democrat) elected president over Winfield Scott (Whig) and John P. Hale (Free-Soil)
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Land purchased to run a transcontinental railroad
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Became part of the Republican Party after 1856
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James Buchanan
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James Buchanan (Democrat) elected president over John C. Fremont (Republicans) and Millard Fillmore (Whig & American {Know-Nothings}
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Richest discovery of ores in history
-
Lincoln wins election with no southern electoral votes
-
Lincoln wins election with no southern electoral votes
-
South Carolina was the first state to secede
-
6 more states leave the union
-
first battle-civil war
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first battle of bull run-civil war
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Anyone who would agree to cultivate 160 acres of land for 5 years would receive title to that land from the federal government
-
States used money from sale of land to finance agricultural colleges
-
Vicksburg, Mississippi
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Antietam Creek, Maryland
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Fredericksburg, Virginia
-
freed slaves in the south/did not really work
-
Ulysses S. Grant – Initially in charge of the western forces; general who assumed command of the Union army
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end of war
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People given land in Oklahoma to encourage settlement
Settlers came rushing from all around to claim land
Native Americans forced off the land
