-
He famous for transforming the narrow-minded, medieval nation-state of Russia into a small empire and emerging regional power.
-
The death of Ivan IV ushered in an era of confusion and violent struggle for power (the years 1598-1613 were known as the ‘Time of Troubles’)
-
Richelieu was the 1st minister of the French crown
-
Louis XIV comes to power. One of France's most famous absolutist ruler.
-
Austrian Habsburgs emerged from the Thirty Years' War. It marked the beginning of absolutist Austria
-
Were civil wars in France caused by opposition to Mazarin's attempt to increase royal revenues.
-
Prussia emerged devastated from the Thirty Years' War.
-
After 1650- a large portion of the Bohemian nobility was of recent foreign origin and owed everything to the Habsburgs. With the help of this new nobility, the Habsburgs established strong direct rule over re-conquered Bohemia
-
After a long war, Russia had gained a large mass of Ukraine from weak and decentralized Poland
-
Peter the Great comes to power. One of the most famous absolutist rulers of Russia- made huge efforts to westernise Russia.
-
Louis XIV revoked the Edict of Nantes in order to control religion and religious minorities to have an absolute state. The Edict was never meant to be permanent and at the time it was still considered that you could only have one religion in a state to govern well.
-
Peter embarked on the “Grand Embassy” -his visit to Europe. He went to learn about European customs, industrial techniques and military advancements so that Russia could catch up.
-
After suffering defeat and faced with a military crisis, Peter responded with a long series of practical but far-reaching measures designed to:o Increase state power o Strengthen his armieso Gain victory…. Including: the Table of Ranks
-
Drained a lot of life out of France as the war was very costly.
-
It was a response to the ethnic diversity. It stated that Austria could never be divided and inherited by one heir- Maria Theresa. Was made by Charles VI. It did not solve the problem because it never went away
-
Called the Soldier's King. He made Prussia a military power, “Prussia is not a state which possesses an army, but an army which possesses a state.” But ironically, Prussia barely went to war during his reign.
-
It made the army and government more efficient as it gained control over the nobles