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Emperor Taizu was fully aware of the powerful merchant families on the coast.
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Ming Taizu (founding emperor) personally led the Mongols out of China.
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Founde by Zhu Yuanzhang who later became known as the Hungwu or "grand military achievement"
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Zhu Yuanzhang led his army into Beijing and takes over.
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In the final days of the Yuan Dynasty there were severe floods, rebel and religous uprisings, frequent famine in northern China, and fraternal rivalry between Khubilia Khans successors.
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Under the Hongwu and Yongle emperors the population of China went up to 60 million and there is over 129 million acres of cultivated land. Ming emperors made more land taxes so that the empire would have more they made the Summer Tax, the Autumn Grain Tax, and salt and sea taxes.
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He was the third emperor and he also left his powerful stamp on China. He killed anyone who opposed him or got in his way.
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One of the many people to rewrite Confucianism. Argued that moral and intellectual guidance came from a persons interior preceptions and instincts not from external sources like rituals and education.
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The Portuguese arrived in China and were suprised by a class of powerful men. it was the first time they had ever seen anyone hold power because they passed a test.
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He listed properties therapies and dangers of drugs that were derived from plants animals and mineral products. He was described as a analgesic and anesthetic.
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As the Hongwu emperor tried to regain control of china he sent his armies to Mongolia to break the Mongol forces that had remained. He ended up conquering and pacifying the Mongol chieftains by giving them titles, honors, and guardianship of the border and from then on the Ming had to deal with the "Mongol Problem" until the end of the dynasty.
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Japanese pirates raided the Ming so the Ming decided to stop all trade with Japan to hopefully not provide the pirates any opportunities. But the Japanese had a plan to invade China by going through Korea and they faught until the Chinese negotiated with Japan.
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The Wan-Li emperor let the eunuchs and other officials rule while he did literature and woodcarving. He barely ever attended court and everything went to the officials and by the end of his reignthe Ming were in a terrible state of affairs.
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Before the rule of wanli neoclassical movements in literature occured. The first was formed by the "Former seven scholars" and the second was formed by the "Later seven scholars".
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When the British captured a Portuguese ship they found silks, ebony, spices, jewels, and cottons. The cost of everything added up is equal to 50% of the British royal bank.
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Queen Elizabeth woreChinese silks because they marked power and rank in the courts.
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Scholar Gu Yanwu estimated that 50% of the imperial income came from the taxes from the coastal cities.
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The Donglin Party was composed of ex-Confucian scholar-officials who wanted the Chinese society and government to return to the traditional principles of Confucian conduct. The leader was Wei Zhongxian.
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18 years before the dynasty ended many riots broke out among the people and the government was forced to quell them.
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Elite Literati class, muscular textile workers, wealthy merchants bankers, landlord families, and shopkeepers formed an alliance against the government policy. They attempted to free Master Zhou who was being held under arrest,and they killed three of the imperial guard.
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In 1628 many rebel military forces launched battles in the northern area of Shaaxi Province.
