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War between British and China over the trade of Opium
Outcome: British defeated the Chinese
http://www.opioids.com/opium -
This treaty ended the Opium War and was the first of many unequal treaties towards the Chinese
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The Chinese began to call for reforms in goverment and society. Reformers wanted to introduce modern technology and weapons. The peasants attempted to overthrow the current dynasty.
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War between Chinese and Japanese
Outcome: Japan defeated China and took over present-day Taiwan -
Western powers carved up China into spheres of influence. This is an area in which a foreign nation has special economic privelages, such as the right to build railroads and factories.
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Anti-foreign Chinese called Boxers killed Chinese Christians and foreigners. They surrounded the foreign diplomatic quarter in Beijing.
Result: China was forced to allow foreign troops on Chinese soil and foreign warships in Chinese waters.
www.smplanet.com/imperialism/fists.html -
Civil War between Qing Dynasty and Ci Xi.
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Attack on Chinese Communists by Chiang Kai-Shek. He expelled and killed thousands of Communist supporters and drove the survivors to the mountains of Southeastern China.
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The Japanese pushed into China and seized Manchuria. The Chinese called on Chiang and Mao to set aside their differences and fight their common enemy.
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Chinese communists trekked more than 6,000 miles from Sountheastern China to the remote northwestern province of Shaanxi. Only 7,000 out of 90,000 communists survived and this march became a symbol of hardships the Communists would have to endure until 1949 when they would gain power.
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Japanese launched an all out war on China and bombed many of their cities. Chinese nationalists and communists joined forces and launched a counter attack on the Japanese.Each side always kept a close watch on each other.
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Mao Zedong proclaims himself as the leader and chairman of the the People's Republic of China.
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Mao called on the Chinese to make a superhuman effort to achieve modernization
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Struggle for power within the Communist party of power. This eventually brought the entire country to the brink of civil war.
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These modernizations called for modernizing agriculture, expanding industry, developing science and technology, and upgrading China's defense forces.
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Hong Kong was returned to the hands of the Chinese after 150 years of British control
