History of Medicine- Faith Maranga.

4000 BC – 3000 BC Primitive Times

4000 BCE

Trepanation or trephining (surgically removing a piece of bone from the skull).Illness and diseases were caused by evil spirits and demons.

3000 BC - 300 BC ( ancient egyptian)

3000 BCE

physicians were the priests who were trained by other physicians who believed that the body was a system of channels (air, blood, tears, urine), Health Records were first recorded, bloodletting and use of leeches were commonly used, Lifespan 20-30 yrs

3000 BC – 300 BC Ancient Egyptians

3000 BCE

Bloodletting or leeches used as medical treatment
Physicians were priests
Health Records were first recorded by the ancient Egyptians

1700 BC – AD 220 Ancient Chinese

1700 BCE

Believed in the need to treat the whole body by curing the spirit and nourishing the body, Used therapies such as acupuncture, used stone made needles( stone age ), life span was 20-30 years

1700 BC – AD 220 Ancient Chinese

1700 BCE

Believed in the need to treat the whole body by curing the spirit and nourishing the body, acupuncture was mainly performed as therapy using stone made needles.

AD 1350 – AD 1650 Renaissance

1350 BCE

the first anatomy book was published, Rebirth of Science of Medicine, Body Dissections led to an increased understanding of anatomy and physiology.

1200 BC –200 BC Ancient Greeks

1220 BCE

Ancient Greek medicine began to revolve around the theory of humor. Blood, phlegm, yellow bile, and black bile. First to observe the human body and the effects of disease – led to modern medical sciences. Used therapies such as massage, art therapy, and herbal treatment, Stressed diet, hygiene and exercise as ways to prevent disease, life span was 25-35 years

1200 BC –200 BC Ancient Greeks

1200 BCE

First to observe the human body and the effects of disease – led to modern medical sciences. Believed illness is a result of natural causes, used therapies such as massage, art therapy, and herbal treatments. Stressed diet, hygiene, and exercise as ways to prevent disease

AD 800 – AD 1400 Middle Ages

800 BCE

Arabs began requiring physicians to pass examinations and obtain licenses, Arabs began requiring physicians pass examinations and obtain licenses, Medical Universities were established

753 BC – AD 410 Ancient Romans

753 BCE

First to organize medical care. Hospitals were religious and charitable institutions in monasteries and convents. First public health and sanitation systems by building sewers and aqueducts.

753 BC – AD 410 Ancient Romans

753 BCE

First to organize medical care, hospitals were religious and charitable institutions in monasteries and convents, First public health and sanitation systems by building sewers and aqueducts, Galen established belief that the body was regulated by four body humor; blood, phlegm, black bile, and yellow bile

AD 400 – AD 800 Dark Ages

400 BCE

Emphasis on saving the soul and study of medicine was prohibited, Prayer and divine intervention were used to treat illness & disease, Disease Cause still blamed on the circumstance, but no understanding

AD 400 – AD 800 Dark Ages

800

Emphasis on saving the soul and study of medicine was prohibited, Prayer was used to treat illness & disease, Medications were mainly herbal mixtures, life span was 20-30 years, Disease Cause still blamed on the circumstance, but no understanding

AD 800 – AD 1400 Middle Ages

1100

Renewed interest in medical practices of Greek and Romans
Major diseases included
smallpox, diphtheria, tuberculosis, typhoid, plaque, and malaria
life span was 20-35 years renewed interest in medical practices of Greek and Romans
1100: Arabs began requiring physicians to pass examinations and obtain licenses
1346-1353: Bubonic Plague killed 75% of the population in Europe and Asia
1220-1255: Medical Universities were established

AD 1350 – AD 1650 Renaissance

1440

Rebirth of Science of Medicine, Invention of the printing press allowed medical knowledge to be shared, First anatomy book was published by Andreas Vesalius (1514-1564), Disease cause STILL a mystery

16th and 17th Centuries

1670

Knowledge regarding the human body GREATLY increased1670: Invention of the microscope
Allowed physicians to see disease-causing organisms.
HUGE advancement

18th Century

1700

first mercury thermometer, the establishment of scientific surgical procedures, and introduced tube feeding.Smallpox vaccine discovered .

19th Century

1800

Rapid advancements due to discoveries of microorganisms, anesthesia, and vaccinations, X-Ray, Open Heart Surgery, stethoscope.

20th Century

1900

RAPID GROWTH
in Health Care

21st Century – Top 10

2000

The first totally implantable artificial heart was placed in a patient in Louisville, Ky. In
Face Transplants