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Plessy v. Ferguson and de jure segregation
de jure segregation-segregation that is imposed by a law. Plessy v. Ferguson was a case in which the Supreme Court ruled that segregation was constitutional as long as the facilities were "seperate were but equal." -
Brown v. Board of Education
This was the case that ended segregation in America. It overturned the Plessy v. Ferguson decision of 1896. -
Earl Warren
He was a newly appointed Cheif Justice in the Supreme Court and wrote the decision on Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka Kansas, -
Malcolm X and the Nation of Islam
Malcolm X was a Civil Rights movement leader and took a more aggresive approach than Martin Luther King with his Islam followers. He was assassinated on February 21st 1965. -
Thurgood Marshall
He was an African American Lawyer from Baltimore. He headed the legal team that mounted the challenge of the NAACP. He also was the attorney that worked for the Plessy side in the Plessy v. Ferguson case. -
Montgomery Bus Boycott.
It was a movement from 1955-56 and was led by Martin Luther King. African Americans walked to their jobs instead of using the bus after Rosa Parks's arrest. -
Rosa Parks
She was an African American seamstress who boarded a bus in Montgomery, Alabama. She sat in an empty seat. THe bus driver asked that she move for a white passenger, she refused to move and was arrested. -
Civil RIghts Act of 1957
It established a federal sivil rights commision and it was signed into law by president Eisenhower. -
Sit in in Jackson Mississippi
Four students ordered food at a white restaraunt and were refused food so stayed in until closing time in protest. -
SNCC
Student Non-violent Coordinating Committee. Wanted to create a grass roots movement that involved all classes of African Americans to defeat racism. -
Freedom Ride- Washington D.C.
Busses were taken around the country with no limits where blacks sat or where they used the restroom. -
Freedom Ride- Anniston
They stopped in Anniston and fought racism. -
Freedom Ride- Birmingham Alabama
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Freedom Ride- New Orleans
They made a stop in New Orleans and they tried to protest segregation. -
Martin Luther King Jr.
He was a baptist minister that led the Civil Rights movement and gave many inspirational speeches such as the on during the March on Washington in 1963. -
The Twenty-Fourth Amendment
The twenty-fourth amendment made state and national governments unable to use a poll tax to keep blacks from voting. It made it easier for blacks to get the vote and was another step towards total equality. -
Fannie Lou Hamer
She attended the Democratic National Convention she spoke religously and gained respect for her strong and pridefull speeches. -
Voting Rights Act
This voting rights act made discriminatory practices in voting illegal. Jim Crowe laws were overruled and never saw use again. -
Kerner Commision
It was also known as the National Advisory Commission on civil disorders. It studied the causes of multiple 1967 race riots and tried to figure a solution to ending the riots.