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in 130CE-200CE blood has been used by egyptians as a medicine source. discovered how blood forms in the liver and travels through the veins to all parts of the body.
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in 300B.C, In Egypt, one of the first Greek anatomists to dissect human cadavers. Herophilus of Chalcedon, determines that arteries are thicker than veins and carry blood.
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Greek philosopher Aristotle believes that the heart is the central organ of the body. he thought it was the seat of the soul.
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in 400BCE Hippocrates, believes the body is comprised of four humors -- blood, phlegm, black bile, and yellow bile. and they cause diseases.
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in 450 BCE, Empedocles, believed that the organ of sense is the heart. compromisedf the 4 elements. earth, fire, air, and water.
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in 500BCE, Alcmaeon of Croton, observes that arteries and veins are dissimilar. he was a Greek thinker who practiced animal dissection,
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Fabricius whos an anatomist publishes the value of veins. which featured the first drawings of vein valves.
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in 1628 people witnessed the first known blood transfusions, from animal to animal. discovered the flow of blood to and from the lungs.
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British physician William Harvey explains that blood circulates within the body and is pumped by the heart. experiments on animals and on the surface veins of arms of living subjects.
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Jan Swammerdam thought to be the first person to observe and describe red blood cells.
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Marcello Malpighi observes the capillary system. which is the network of fine vessels that connect the arteries and the veins.
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Anton van Leeuwenhoek, provided a more precise description of red blood cells. it even gave an accurate size.
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in 1795, a physician performed the first human to human transfusion. nonetheless, his work was never published.
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William Osler observes that small cell fragments from the bone marrow make up the bulk of clots formed in blood vessels. these are called platelets.
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in 1901, an Austrian physician Karl Landsteiner concludes that two different types of antibodies exist to cause agglutination. discovered three main human blood groups -- A, B, and C, which he later changes to O.
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Alfred von Decastello and Adriano Sturli identify a fourth blood group AB. causes agglutination in the red cells of both groups "A" and "B."
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Dr. Reuben Ottenberg performs the first transfusion using cross matching. he virtually eliminated transfusion reactions.
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Dr. Richard Lewisohn formulates the optimum concentration of sodium citrate. it can be mixed with donor blood to prevent coagulation.
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Dr. Serge Yudin is the first to test the efficacy of transfusing humans with cadaver blood. The Soviets are the first to establish a network of facilities to collect and store blood for use in transfusions at hospitals.
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in 1935 blood donating services started occuring to help those at war. the storing of citrated blood and utilizing it for transfusions occured.
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Drs. Philip Levine and R.E. Stetson uncover an unknown antibody in the blood of a woman who's given birth to a stillborn. that a factor in the blood of the fetus, inherited from father, acts up the antibody production in the mother.
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Drs. Karl Landsteiner and Alexander Wiener discover the Rh blood group. they did it by experimenting with the red blood cells of Rhesus monkeys.
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Dr. Drew devises a modern and highly sterile system to process, test, and store plasma. also, Edwin Cohn invents a method to separate out its different proteins.
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American Red Cross agrees to organize a civilian blood donor service to collect blood plasma. the first center opened in new york.
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Dr. Carl W. Walter, develops a plastic bag for the collection of blood. it wa more stronger than glass.
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1959 the X-rays are beamed on crystals to reveal their atoms. Dr. Max Perutz is able to unravel the structure of hemoglobin, the protein within red blood cells that carries oxygen.
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Dr. Robert Gallo of the NIH announces that he's identified the virus that causes AIDS. he called it HTLV III.
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in 1985 the ELISA test -- is licensed by the U.S. government on March 2. the ELISA test is the first blood-screening test to detect the presence or absence of HIV antibodies.
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in 2500 BCE, Egyptians use bleeding to treat patients. they would bleed from the foot and neck.
