20 Most Important Historical Events in Mexico from 1821 to 1877 By Elsa16 Jan 21, 1821 Consummation of the Mexico Independence Jan 1, 1822 Iturbide is named emperor of Mexico Jan 27, 1823 Separation of the provinces of Central America Jan 31, 1824 Guadalupe Victoria is elected first president of Mexico Jul 5, 1829 Spain try to retake Mexico Dec 30, 1836 Constitution of the seven laws Nov 27, 1838 The pastry war Apr 25, 1846 US. - Mexico war Sep 13, 1847 Capture of The Chapultepec Castle by Americans Feb 2, 1848 Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo Dec 30, 1853 Santa Anna agrees to the Gadsden Purchase Sep 16, 1854 The National Anthem is interpreted for the first time Feb 5, 1857 It enacts the Constitution of 1857 Jan 1, 1858 The Reform War May 5, 1862 Battle of Puebla against the French intervention under the orders of General Ignacio Zaragoza May 17, 1863 The French occupy Mexico City and Napoleon lll appoints Maximiliano as Emperor of Mexico Apr 10, 1864 Maximiliano Empire begin Sep 16, 1867 Republic restored Jan 27, 1868 Opens The National Autonomous University of Mexico Nov 28, 1876 The Porfiriato begins Feb 6, 1877 Mariano Bárcena founded the National Astronomical Observatory