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"Little Rock Nine"
Who- Little rock Nine What- They were denied acess to the school Cause- The fact that it was previously an all-white High School the Arkansas National Guard and mobs of segregationists gathered to block the doors Effect- President Dwight D. Eisenhower ordered units of U.S. Army’s 101st Airborne Division to escort nine Black students to classes. -
First Sit in’s - February 1960
Who- Ezell A. Blair, Jr., Franklin E. McCain, Joseph A. McNeil, and David L. Richmond What- First Sit In Cause- Were refused service at a lunch counter. Effect- They sat there and refused to move until they got served -
Boynton vs Virginia
Who- Bruce Boynton, NAACP What- Interstate Commerce Act Cause- Bruce Boynton was walking through the white only part of a bus station and was arrested Effect- Supreme court ruled in Bruce Boynton favor 7-2 -
Freedom Riders
Who- Seven blacks and six whites What- To test the Supreme Court's ruling in Boynton v. Virginia Cause- Violence and arrests in bus terminals Effect- They inspired dozens more Freedom Rides. Spread to train stations and airports across the South. The Interstate Commerce Commission issued rules prohibiting segregated transportation facilities -
Black Student enrolls at Mississippi University
Who- James Meredith What- He originally was rejected from the university because of his race Cause- He showed up to go to school and his race Effect- Thousands of whites rioted which resulted in two deaths and 160 injuries then US troops were sent in -
Letter from Birmingham Jail
Who- Martin Luther King Jr. What- letter Cause- He had recieved tons of letters about what he is doing and he said that if he took the time to respond to everyone he wouldn't be able to do anything constructive Effect- He wrote a letter when he was in jail talking about everything that he was there to acomplish -
George Wallace stands in door - June 1963
Who- Alabama Gov. George Wallace, Vivian Malone and James Hood What- Stood in front of the door to block it and denied the two students to enter the University of Alabama Cause- They were black and trying to enroll in one of Alabama's white schools Effect- They were met at the front door by George Wallace and was denied acess to the school -
March on Washington
Who- Thousands of African Americans and whites including MLK Jr. What- A freedom march through Washington leading up to I have a dream speech Cause- Lack of African American equality Effect- Marched through the streets to show the support, power and need for freedom in America -
“I Have A Dream” Speech
Who- Martin Luther King jr. What- Most famouse speech ever given Cause- The violence and lack of aceptance to African Americans as equal people Effect- MLK jr. gave the most famouse speeches ever in an attempt to unfluence poeple of a time where everyone is equal -
Civil Rights Act of 1964
Who- House Judiciary Committee, President Kennedy and House Judiciary Committee What- Civil rights act Cause- The cause is for years african americans were mistreated and stud up for what they believed was right and over time the government saw what african americans were fighting for and gave them the freedom that they needed Effect- prohibits discrimination on the basis of race, color, religion, sex or national origin. -
Selma Freedom March
Who- Hundreds of African Americans What- Attempted to march peacefully from the small town of Selma, Al to Montgomery to protest a murder and the denial of their constitutional right to vote Cause- African Americans peacefully marching through the streets Effect- six hundred people were attacked by state troopers and mounted deputies -
April 4th 1968
Who- Dr. Martin Luther King Jr., escaped convict James Earl Ray What- The death of Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. Cause- He was the major leader and organizer for African American rights and equal rights to everyone in the U.S. Effect- He was shot to death in Memphis outside his hotel room
