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Period: Mar 11, 1492 to
the transatlantic slave trade in motion
Over the course of more than three and a half centuries, the forcible transportation in bondage of at least twelve million men, women, and children from their African homelands to the Americas changed forever the face and character of the modern world. The slave trade was brutal and horrific, and the enslavement of Africans was cruel, exploitative, and dehumanizing. Between 1492 and 1776, an estimated 6.5 million people migrated to and settled in the Western Hemisphere. -
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The Enlightenment
was a time where scientists and others realised that humans could think and reason for themselves. therefore they could understand the world around them. which challenged the catholic church. -
THE ENLIGHTENMENT (1650–1800)
The Enlightenment was a sprawling intellectual, philosophical, cultural, and social movement that spread through England, France, Germany, and other parts of Europe during the 1700s. Enabled by the Scientific Revolution, which had begun as early as 1500, the Enlightenment represented about as big of a departure as possible from the Middle Ages—the period in European history lasting from roughly the fifth century to the fifteenth. -
End of convict transportation to america
North America was used for transportation from the early 17th century to the American Revolution of 1776. In the 17th century, it was done at the expense of the convicts or the shipowners. The first Transportation Act in 1718 allowed courts to sentence convicts to seven years' transportation to America. In 1720, extension authorised payments by the state to merchants contracted to take the convicts to America. Under the Transportation Act, returning from transportation was a capital offence. -
The Discovery of Electricity
In 1729, Stephen Gray discovered the principle of the conduction of electricity.In 1733, Charles Francois du Fay discovered that electricity comes in two forms which he called resinous (-) and vitreous (+), now called negative and positive. -
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Industrial Revolution
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The Industrial Revolution
The era known as the Industrial Revolution was a period in which fundamental changes occurred in agriculture, textile and metal manufacture, transportation, economic policies and the social structure in England. This period is appropriately labeled revolution,for it thoroughly destroyed the old manner of doing things; yet the term is simultaneously inappropriate, for it connotes abrupt change. The changes that occurred during this period (1760-1850), in fact, occurred gradually. -
Seven Years War
The Seven Years War, a global conflict known in America as the French and Indian War, officially begins when England declares war on France. However, fighting and skirmishes between England and France had been going on in North America for years. -
first fleet
British Settlement at Sydney Cove -
Myall Creek Massacre
In 1838 white people had settled Australia for just 51 years. Pastoralists were pushing into Aboriginal land, dispossessing Indigenous people from the land that nurtured them physically and spiritually.Aboriginal people did not give up their land that they had looked after for millennia without a fight. White settlers engaged in many clashes with Aboriginal people at the frontier. Fearing to be outnumbered by Aboriginal tribes some settlers escalated low-level skirmishes to the atrocities we -
The Gold Rush
The gold rushes in the second half of the 19th century would completely change the face of Australia. Before 1851, Australia’s combined white population was approximately 77,000. Most of those had been convicts sent by ship over the previous seventy years. The gold rush completely changed that however. In the two years that followed Edward Hargraves’ discovery at Bathurst, Australia’s population increased to over 540,000. 370,000 immigrants arrived in Australia’s ports during the year 1852. -
Birth of AFL
The Melbourne Football Club was the earliest AFL Club, formed on July 10, 1858. The first "unofficial" game of Australian Rules was played on Richmond Paddock (July 31st, 1858) and the first recorded match of Australian Rules Football was played on August 7, 1858 between Scotch College and Melbourne Grammar. Other early Australian Football clubs were the Geelong Football Club (formed on July 18, 1859) and then five years later the Carlton Football Club. The game then continued to spread across -
Gallipoli Campaign
From the outbreak of war in 1914, thousands of Australian men volunteered to fight. The first major fighting for these men was in what would come to be known as the failed Gallipoli Campaign in 1915. It was in Gallipoli that the Australian and New Zealand soldiers first fought united under the ANZAC name. The title later became a legend. -
Assisted Migration
Since early 1945, more than 7 million people have come to Australia as new settlers. The trigger for a large-scale migration program was the end of World War II. Agreements were reached with Britain, some European countries and with the International Refugee Organization to encourage migration, including displaced people from war-torn Europe. Approximately 1.6 million migrants arrived between October 1945 and 30 June 1960, compared to about 1.3 million in the 1960s, about 960,000 in the 1970s. -
American Revolution
The American Revolution (1775-83) is also known as the American Revolutionary War and the U.S. War of Independence. The conflict arose from growing tensions between residents of Great Britain's 13 North American colonies and the colonial government, which represented the British crown.