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Muhammad was born in the year 570 in the town of Mecca. He was the first and only son of Abd Allah bin Al-Muttalib and Amina bint Wahb.
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Muhammad's mother took him to Yathrib to stay with relatives. On the return journey, Amina got sick and died. Halima, his nurse, returned to Mecca with the orphaned boy and placed him in the protection of his paternal grandfather, Abdul Al-Muttalib.
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Muhammad began making long retreats to a mountain cave, where he meditated. On one occasion, Muhammad was visited by the angel Gabriel who revealed to him a verse from the Qur'an.
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Muhammad finally began to reveal the messages he was receiving to his tribe. Muhammad and his followers were first belittled and ridiculed, then persecuted and physically attacked for departing from traditional Mecca's tribal ways. For several years, the the Quraysh, Mecca's dominant tribe, levied a ban on trade with Muhammad's people, subjecting them to near famine conditions.
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Muhammad and his few hundred followers left Mecca and traveled to Yathrib, The leaders thad invited Muhammad to act as their mediator. Muhammad remained here for six years, building the first Muslim community and gradually gathering more and more people to his side.
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625-627 Of these the Muslims won the first (the Battle of Badr, March, 624), lost the second (the Battle of Uhud, March, 625), and won the third, (The Battle of the Trench and the Siege of Medina, April, 627).
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Muhammad fell ill and suffered for several days with a fever, head pain and weakness. He dies at the age of 63. He is buried within the Mosque of the Prophet in the city of Medina.
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Muslims begin conquest of Syria, Persia, and Egypt. Syria will fall in 641, Egypt and Persia in 642 under Muhammad's successors, the Rashidun Caliphs Abu Bakr and Umar ibn Khattab.
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Synod of Whitby fixed the precise date for celebrating Easter so that all Christian churches in all regions should celebrate the principal festival of the Church on the same day.
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A Saxon monk founded St. Botolph’s Town in England. The name gradually changed to Boston
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The Celts of Ireland, Britain, and northern France had celebrated Oct. 31 to Nov. 2 as their New Year.
The pagan harvest event incorporated masks to ward off evil ones. The Catholic holiday of All Soul's Day
and All Saints’ Day, set for Oct. 31 and Nov. 1, was instituted to supplant the Druid holiday and Pope Gregory
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Muhammad entered the service of a wealthy Meccan merchant, a widow named Khadija bint Khawalayd. Khadija proposed marriage. He was twenty-five. She was nearly forty.
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Rashidun army, under the command of Abu Ubaidah, besieged Jerusalem. After six months, the Patriarch Sophronius agreed to surrender, on condition that he submit only to the Rashidun Caliph.
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The destruction was centered on major civic structures along the Avenue of the Dead. The burning was limited to the structures and dwellings associated primarily with the elite class. Some think this suggests that the burning was from an internal uprising.
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Muslims built the Dome of the Rock mosque in Jerusalem. The Dome of the Rock was originally made of gold, but was replaced with copper and then aluminum
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The first recorded raid was in 795 on Rathlin Island off the coast of Antrim where the church was burned.
