Alexander II

  • Become emperor

    Alexander II ascended the throne on 18 February (2 March) 1855
  • Abolition of serfdom

    (19 February) on 3 March 1861 Alexander II signed a Manifesto abolishing serfdom
  • Period: to

    Military reform

    1.Reduced the number of the Russian army
    2.Introduced the new military regulations
    3.Opened new military educational institutions
  • Judicial reform

    1.Introduction of the wordless court
    2.The introduction of trial by jury
    3.Immunity of judges
  • The Zemstvo reform

    1.Construction of roads, hospitals, schools
    2.Provision of food in case of crop failure
  • Period: to

    Education reform

    Introduced primary, secondary, higher education
  • Urban reform

    1.separation of powers
    municipal Duma - city government - city head
  • The end of the Board

    He ruled until his death on March 1 (13), 1881