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1492
Christopher Columbus
An Italian explorer sailing for Spain who believed that Asia (India) could be reached by sailing west from Europe. His first voyage was in 1492, wherein he discovered North America (Caribbean islands) and named it the West Indies. He will make four voyages to the new world without fully realizing what he had discovered. -
Period: 1492 to
US History 1 Review
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1518
Middle Passage
One leg of the triangular trade which was used to transport slaves from Africa to the New World from 1518 to the mid 19th century. -
Southern Colonies
Hardscrabble farmers and planters in estates that produced corn lumber beef and pork. Slavery helped development in the southern colonies -
Jamestown
First English settlement,established on May 14 near Williamsburg. Was the first foothold in the new world. Relation with natives was back and forth. -
Plymouth
A group of 100 people which we now refer to as pilgrims set sail to the New World. It was the first permanent settlement of Europeans in New England. More than half of the first group of settlers died in the first winter. -
New England Colonies
The first New England colony was Massachusetts but other colonies were formed around it when they believed Massachusetts was to strict such as Connecticut Rhode Island and New Hampshire -
Massachusetts Bay Colony
Settled by 1000 puritan refugees from England. They got a charter from the king so they could trade and colonize in New England and create a commercial company. -
Middle Colonies
King Charles II gave land to his brother James which made the land New York, it was one of the most diverse colonies in the New World. Pennsylvania had fertile soil and religious tolerance so a lot of people migrated there. -
Great Awakening
Religious awakening in the British American Colonies under George Whitefield and Jonathan Edwards revitalized religion. -
French and Indian War
France expanded into the Ohio River Valley which created land conflicts the the colonies of Britain. Britain made a declaration of war in 1756. There was a peace conference and Britain gained territories. -
Stamp Act
British parliament wanted to raise their revenue so they made a tax for legal paperwork and a bunch of other papers in the colonies. The colonists protested against the stamps by refusing to use them, burning them, riots, and intimidating stamp distributors. -
Boston Massacre
Was a fight between a crowd in Boston and British troops which ended up harming the the colonies view on the Britain government. A part of the crowd stormed one of the barracks so a riot act was set forth but soldiers couldn't do anything until one hour after. Before then one soldier was scared and shot his musket other soldiers followed in suit. Five people were killed and Lieut. Gov. Thomas Hutchinson said told the crowd that justice would be brought. -
Boston Tea Party
342 boxes of tea were dumped into Boston Harbor by colonists dressed as Mohawk Indians. They were protesting the monopoly of the East Asia Company on tea and a tax on tea -
Lexington & Concord
First encounter that would later become The Revolutionary War. Had the Shot Heard Round the World. There were 700 British troops whereas there were only 77 minutemen. -
American Revolutionary War
The war in which the colonies decided to split from Great Britain started in 1775 and ended in 1783. The result was the colonies independence after France and Spain helped to fight against Britain. -
The Declaration of Independence
A document in which the 13 British colonies declared their Independence to become their own states. It was voted for on the second of July and was adopted on the fourth of July. -
Valley Forge
An encampment during the Revolutionary War with absolutely terrible living conditions. An army under George Washington where they were for 6 months. This event was a testament to the morality and discipline of the army. -
Battle of Yorktown
The battle of Yorktown was the last major battle and pretty much concluded the Revolutionary War. The British army under Charles Cornwallis surrendered to George Washington. -
Articles of confederation
The Articles of Confederation was the first constitution but wasn't very good because the states got too much power. Congress ended up having almost no power. Just five years later the effectiveness was broken down -
Abolitionism
Abolitionism was the movement resposible for the ending of slavery in America and the transatlatic slave trade. Hariet Beecher Stowe wrote a book titled "Uncle Tom's Cabin" which was the second most bought book the America, the book was a huge boost to the idea of abolitionism and helped create and propel the movement. -
Constitutional Convention
A convention in which the Constitution of The United States was written up. This convention was brought up because of severe economic troubles and from demand for a stronger central goverment. -
Industrial Revolution
America started to turn to factory jobs instead of farms jobs. The Industrial Revolution changed everything about Americas economy. Samuel Slater opened the first mill in America which stared the revolution. -
Bill of Rights
The Bill of Rights are the first ten amendments made to the Constitution which were adopted in 1791. It is a collection of individual rights and a way to put more government restrictions. -
Louisiana Purchase
The Louisiana purchase was one of the best land purchases in US history. The size of the United states was doubles from the purchase from France for less than three cents per acre and it was bought for a total of fifteen million dollars. -
Lewis and Clark Expedition
Meriwether Lewis and William Clark were sent to explore the Louisiana Purchase and the Pacific Northwest. Thomas Jefferson was the one who sent them on the expedition. -
War of 1812
A conflict between the United States and Great Britain. Great Britain was trying to block the United states from trading with other countries. The White House was also burned down in 1812. The war ended in 1814 with the Treaty of Ghent. -
Missouri Compromise
Missouri was made a slave state and to keep things even Maine was made a free state. Then there was the 36' 30' line which made so that any state made which was under the line in would be a slave state and any state above would be a free state. -
Election of 1824
Andrew Jackson, John Quincy Adams, Henry Clay, and William Crawford ran for presidency but none of the candidates got the necessary amount of electoral votes. The president was then decided by Congress and John Quincy Adams became president. -
Indian Removal Act
Andrew Jackson passed a law which made natives move to the west of the Mississippi River in exchange for white settlers to move in to the natives land. -
Underground Railroad
A system for slaves to escape from the south into the north to gain freedom. Abolitionists helped by making stops in which slaves would go to get help escaping the south. There were also routes to certain islands an Mexico. -
Battle Of the Alamo
The Battle of the Alamo was a battle during the Texas war for independence. It went on for thirteen days where 200 of Alamo's defender fought thousands of Mexican troops until the Mexican troops finally overpowered them. -
Manifest Destiny
Manifest Destiny was when nearly seven million Ameicans moved west to settle. They thought it was their destiny and right to move the the west of the continent. -
Mexican-American War
The Mexican-American War was stemmed from when Texas joined America. The war was a very one sided one, America kept winning battles and won only two years later. We gained five hundred thousand square miles of land from Mexico after the war. -
California Gold Rush
300,000 people moved to California because gold was found there by James W. Marshall. It was the biggesst mass movement in us history. Only a very few people actually got rich off of the gold found in California. -
Compromise of 1850
The compromise made California a free state and let Utah and New Mexico decide themselves by vote. Texas' boundaries were cut down but was compensated by having ten million dollars of their debt put onto America. Citizens were also told to help capture escaped slaves. -
Uncle Toms Cabin
Hariet Beecher Stowe wrote this book which was a huge eye opener to people in the North which helped them keep abolitionism going. The book spoke on how bad slaves were really being treated on plantations in the South. -
Bleeding Kansas
Bleeding Kansas was pretty much the first instance in which shots were fired over civil rights. People from the South pretty much went into Kansas and fighting them to try and make Kansas into a slave state. -
Dred Scott Decision
Dred Scott was born into slavery but managed to escape when he got to free states he wanted to get his freedom. He took his case to the United States Supreme Court. The Supreme Court Ruled against him and said just because you live in a free state or territory doesn't mean you have freedom. -
Lincoln-Douglas Debates
They were a series of debates in which Abraham Lincoln and Stephan A Douglas were debating to see who would become an Illinois senator. It's what made Lincoln famous but he actually lost the spot in the senate. -
Fort Sumter
Fort Sumter was the first battle in the Civil War. Confederate Troops bombarded the small union garrison in the unfinished Fort Sumter. The people in the fort refused to surrender to the confederates. -
Confederate States of America
The Confederate States of America were a part of America which decided to break away during the Civil War. They were eleven states which were for slavery so fought against the rest of the United States. -
Civil War
The Civil War was a war between The United States and a group of states that wanted to separate and create The Confederate States of America. The war was over slavery and how it will effect the country economically. The war lasted for four years and ended with the victory of The Union. -
Emancipation Proclamation
Abraham Lincoln made an announcement called the Emancipation Proclamation which was to free all slaves un states against the Union. He couldn't enforce it but it was a way to further push the fight toward the end of slavery. -
Battle of Gettysburg
The Battle of Gettysburg was the turning point of the war. Before this battle the Confederacy was winning the war. It had the most casualties in the Civil war and it had a huge impact on the ending of the war. -
Gettysburg Address
Abraham Lincoln gave a speech on the site of the Battle of Gettysburg. It became Lincoln's most famous speech and it was about the wars purpose and why it was so important. -
Appomattox
It was one of the las battles of the Civil War and was where General in Chief Robert E. Lee surrendered to the Union army under Commanding General Ulysses S. Grant. It was the mark of the of the Civil War.