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Adopted in 1865, eight months after the civil war ended, the amendment forbid slavery in the United States
Took Lincoln's executive order (The Emancipation Proclamation) and made it a "fix" on the constitution. -
Laws passed by Souther States that prevented voting, restriced freedom, and encouraged debt and low wages.
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Declared that all persons born in the United States (except Native Americans) were citizens, that all citizens were entitles to equal rights regardless of their race, and their rights were protected by due process of the law.
Southern staes were required to sign off on it before they were allowed back in to the United States -
One of three amendments to the U.S. Constitution passes during the era of reconstruction. Granted African American men the rigjht to vote. This didn't stop "tests" from being put into place to limit voting.
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The U.S Supreme court rules that staes can constitutionally enact legislation requiring persons of different races to use "seperate but equal" segragated facilities.
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Gaurantees all American woman the right to vote. The woman who protested and petitioned were called Suffragettes.
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sets the dates at which (United States) government elected offices end.
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United States government agency created as part of the National Housing Act of 1934. It sets standards for construction and underwriting and insures loans made by banks and other private lenders for home building.
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Rejecting the precendent for state-maintained segragation established by Plessy v Ferguson.
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Lasted from December 1955 to December 1956. Started with Claudette and Rosa. Ended with Supreme Court case Brower v Gayle that said segragated buses were unconstitutional. Leaders" MLKjr, Rosa Parks, NAACP
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1st Civil rights legislation since Reconstruction. Protected voting rights. Established federal civil rights commistion - investigates discrimination. Prevented intergerence in voting.
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Most well known sit-ins happened in Greensboro North Carolina; 4 University student who sat at a “whites only” counter and were refused service, refused to leave until the store closed. At this time, 1960, a "whites only" counter would have been illegal. The protest in a matter of days went from 4 students to over 300. Some sit-ins recieved violent reactions from segragationists.
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an action or policy favoring those who tend to suffer from discrimination, especially in relation to employment or education; positive discrimination.
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Prevented congress and states from requiring a "poll" tax beofre you can vote.
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State and local laws enforcing racial segregation in the Southern United States.
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Abolished racial, religious, and sex discrimination by employers. Could not be denied hire or fired for those reasons. Introduced by JFK. Ended unfair voting requirements.
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Desegregation was long a focus of the American Civil Rights Movement, both before and after the United States Supreme Court's decision in Brown v. Board of Education, particularly desegregation of the school systems and the military
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provides opportunities for participants to succeed in their precollege performance and ultimately in their higher education pursuits.
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a program of the United States Department of Health and Human Services that provides comprehensive early childhood education, health, nutrition, and parent involvement services to low-income children and their families.
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Lynching meant any extra-judicial punishment, including tarring and feathering and running out of town, but during the 19th century in the United States, it began to be used to refer specifically to murder, usually by hanging.
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struck down poll taxes, literacy tests and impossible civics tests that were forced on many American blacks to keep them away from the voting booth.
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Civil disobedience is the active, professed refusal to obey certain laws, demands, and commands of a government, or of an occupying international power.
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Leader of the Civil RIghts Movement. Advocated nonviolent civil disobedience and demanded equal rights for blacks including desegragation in all public facilities and life. Was arrested for protesting. Assassinated in 1968 by James Earl Ray - his death sparked race riots all over America.
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the practice of achieving goals through symbolic protests, civil disobedience, economic or political noncooperation, satyagraha, or other methods, without using violence.
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Prohibits the federal government and the states from denying the ability to vote based on age: thus lowering the voting age to 18.
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a comprehensive federal law that prohibits discrimination on the basis of sex in any federally funded education program or activity.
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Distinguised lawer. Argues and won Brown v Board of Education. Worked for the NAACP. First African America supreme court justice. Estabished a record for supporting the voiceless American.
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An American farm worker, labor leader and civil rights activist, who, with Dolores Huerta, co-founded the National Farm Workers Association
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Governer of Akransas. Best known for his stand in the desegragation of Little Rock Highschool where he ordered Arkansas National Gaurd to stop African American students from entering the school. President Eisenhower sent the U.S. Army to escort the students to and from school for a year.
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Dr. Hector Garcia Perez was a Mexican-American physician, surgeon, World War II veteran, civil rights advocate, and founder of the American G.I. Forum
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Governor of Georgia. Former restaurant ownder who refused to serve blacks. Ran for governer through he had not held a public office beofre. Segragationist.
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Worked for the NAACP, heard about Claudette and was inspired to do the same thing. Worked closeely with MLKjr in Montgomery Bus Boycotts.
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An American writer, activist, and feminist. A leading figure in the women's movement in the United States, her 1963 book The Feminine Mystique is often credited with sparking the second wave of American feminism in the 20th century
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Governor of Alabama, pro-segragation. “I say segregation today, segregation tomorrow, and segregation forever.”
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A system of agriculture in which a landowner allows a tenant to use the land in return for a share of the crops produced on their portion of land.