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570
Birth of Muhammad
Muhammad was born in about 570 CE in the Arabian city of Mecca. -
Period: 570 to Jan 1, 1450
Major changes and continuities of Islam religion
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Jun 15, 610
"Night of Power and Excellence"
Around 610 while meditating at night in the mountains near Mecca, Muhammad is spoken to by the angel Gabriel. This date is when Muhammad's revelations began. -
Period: Jun 21, 622 to Jul 2, 622
The Hijra
Mecca's leaders feared that they were losing power, so they pressured Muhammad and his followers and persecuted some of them. As a result, Muhammad and his followers fled Mecca and took residence in Medina from June 21st to July 2nd. -
Jun 8, 632
Muhammad's death
After a brief illness Muhammad died. Medinan leaders and three of Muhammad's close friends determined that Abu Bakr, one of Muhammad's earliest followers, should succeed him -
Jun 8, 632
Abu Bakr and the Five Pillar's of Islam
Abu Bakr continued Muhammad's religious practices, mainly the Five Pillar's of Islam, five acts that are considered the foundation of Muslim life. -
Jan 4, 650
The Quran
Abu Bakr ordered men who had written down Muhammad's revelations to create a collection of them in a book. The words of the Quran are seen as the unalterable word of God. Around the year 650 the Quran reached its final form. -
Jan 4, 661
The Umayyad Caliphate
The first hereditary dynasty of Muslim caliphs from 661 to 750. Eventually overthrown by the Abbasid Caliphate. -
Jan 4, 750
Fall of the Umayyad Caliphate and Abbasid revolution
The Umayyad dynasty fell in 750 after a decade of growing unrest. Shi'ites and Kharijites attacked the Umayyad family with a series of rebellions. After overthrowing the last Umayyad caliph, descendants of the Prophet Muhammad's uncle formed the Abbasid Caliphate. -
Jan 4, 1200
Mali Empire
An empire created by Muslims of West Africa. Played a large role in trans-saharan gold trade. -
Jan 4, 1206
The Delhi Sultanate
The Delhi Sultanate was a centralized Indian empire created by Muslim invaders. -
Period: Jan 4, 1312 to Jan 4, 1337
Mansa Musa
The muslim Ruler of Mali, known for being a Muslim and for his pilgrimage through Egypt to Mecca. -
Period: Jan 4, 1324 to Jan 4, 1325
Mansa Musa's Pilgrimage
Mansa Musa's pilgrimage to Mecca with an entourage of over 60,000 people. Upon returning to Mali, Mansa Musa built new mosques and opened Quran schools in cities. -
The Fatimid Caliphate
After conquering egypt, the Fatimid rulers claimed the title of caliph, challenging the Abbasids. -
the Conquest of Mecca
Mecca surrendered to Muhammad and his followers and they made their pilgrimage to the Ka'ba -
Fall of the Abbasid Caliphate
The Abbasid Caliphate fell under the control of mountain warriors from Daylam. Led by the Shi'ite Buyid family, they conquered western Iran as well as Iraq.
