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Congress of Vienna
The Congress of Vienna split when Napoleon invaded. AS a result, the states became divided. -
Period: to
New Unification Ideas
The start to a division of Italians in 3 approaches
1. Radical program of Giuseppe Mazzini who encouraged central democratic republic based on universal male suffrage and will of people
2. Vincenzo Gioberti calling for a federation of existing states under presidency of pope
3. Leadership of the kingdom of Sardinia-Piedmont -
Young Italy
Giuseppe Mazzini started a group called Young Italy, patriots with a purpose to make italy a free country. Lasted until 1852. -
Liberal Constitution
Victor Emmanuel retain liberal constitution from when Austria ruined Mazzini’s republicanism. -
Austrian Defeat
Sardinia didn’t have the power to kick Austria out of Lombardy and Venetia to unify for northern Italy without an ally. (to gain nice and savoy) Napoleon III of France allied with Cavour and defeated the Austrian attack against Sardinia in 1859. -
Unification
Parma, Modena, Tuscant, and
Romania united with Sardania -
Garibaldi’s “liberate” plan
May 1860 Garibaldi’s “liberate” plan to overthrow the kingdom of the two scilies and powering through with an army of red shirts (after united back with Sardinia and Guseppe ends up ruling over the two scilies) but deceived by Cavour at the attack of Rome and the pope -
Syllabus of Errors
Pius IX denounced rationalism, socialism, separation of church and state, and religious liberty. -
Prussia and Austria War
War broke out between Prussia and Austria. Italy supported Prussia and defeated Austria. Italy received and united Venetia . -
Addition of Rome
Rome united with Italy -
Triple Alliance
Austria-Hungary and Germany ally with Italy
