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moved from rule of man to rule of law. It outlined individual rights which king could not violate. Included taxation and trial provisions.
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the first democratically elected legislative body in the British American colonies
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was the first governing document of Plymouth Colony
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King Charles was required to sign the Petition of Right. Required monarchs to obtain parliamentary approval before levying new taxes, also could not unlawfully imprison people or establish military rule during times of peace.
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Free speech and protection from cruel and unusual punishment guaranteed.
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was a revenue-raising act passed by the Parliament of Great Britain
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An act regulating stamp duty (a tax on legal recognition of documents).
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British soldiers fired into crowd and 5 colonist died.
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dumped British tea into the harbor
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Colonies were to keep "sovereignty, freedom, and independence." Ratification was delayed by argument over control of control western lands. Small states refused to ratify until they graduated the entire confederation control over the west. Ratified 1781
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The national government did not have enough authority.
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A contract in one state must be honored by all other states
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Establishes the national laws are supreme to state laws
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The rulings of the supreme court are based on this document.
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Was made to handle conflict between the state and national government.
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The Judicial power of the United States shall not be construed to extend to any suit in law or equity, commenced or prosecuted against one of the United States by Citizens of another State, or by Citizens or Subjects of any Foreign State.
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The right to express Religion and Expression (freedom of speech).
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The right to bear arms
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Quartering Soldiers
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Search and Seizure
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Rights of Persons
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Rights of Accused in Criminal Prosecutions
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Civil Trials
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Further Guarantees in Criminal Cases. Excessive bail shall not be required, nor excessive fines imposed, nor cruel and unusual punishments inflicted.
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Unenumerated Rights. The enumeration in the Constitution, of certain rights, shall not be construed to deny or disparage others retained by the people.
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Reserved Powers. The powers not delegated to the United States by the Constitution, nor prohibited by it to the States, are reserved to the States respectively, or to the people.
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separate Electoral College votes for President and Vice President, correcting weaknesses in the earlier electoral system which were responsible for the controversial Presidential Election of 1800
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The verdict was "The power to tax in the power to destroy"
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granted states large tracts of land so the states could sell the land and use the money for public colleges.
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Freed All Slaves
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provides "nor shall any State ... deny to any person within its jurisdiction the equal protection of the laws"
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Everyone born in America is an American citizen
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Jim Crow laws were state and local laws that enforced racial segregation in the Southern United States
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Shot September 19, 1881 and died 2 months later
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Meant to curb the influx of Chinese immigrants to the United States, particularly California, The Chinese Exclusion Act of 1882 suspended Chinese immigration for ten years and declared Chinese immigrants ineligible for naturalization. President Chester A. Arthur signed it into law on May 6, 1882
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The act of congress that eliminated the Spoils System
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Was made to prevent monopolies
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gave Congress the authority to stablish an income tax
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Cooperative Federalism was part of this major government initiative
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Executive Order 9066 was a United States presidential executive order signed and issued during World War II by United States president Franklin D. Roosevelt on February 19, 1942
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a landmark United States Supreme Court case upholding the exclusion of Japanese Americans from the West Coast Military Area during World War II
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was a landmark case, "the first and only Mexican-American civil-rights case heard and decided by the United States Supreme Court during the post-World War II period."
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A government program created by President Lyndon B. Johnson to eliminate poverty and social inequality.
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a landmark civil rights and labor law in the United States that outlaws discrimination based on race, color, religion, sex, national origin, and later sexual orientation and gender identity
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Allows all citizens access to written records kept by federal agencies
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Reduced size of national government by eliminating and combing federal programs
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amended the state constitution to prohibit state governmental institutions from considering race, sex, or ethnicity, specifically in the areas of public employment
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is a California ballot proposition which, upon approval in November 1996, amended the state constitution to prohibit state governmental institutions from considering race, sex, or ethnicity, specifically in the areas of public employment
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A federal department formed after the 9/11 attacks to protect the nation from terrorism and natural disasters
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California ballot proposition that appeared on the November 3, 2020 general election ballot, asking California voters to amend the Constitution of California to repeal 1996's Proposition 209
